A fence has been designed to surround three circular gardens of equal radii. The fence consists of three line segments and three portions of the circles as shown in the figure. Each circle has a radius of 9 units and the length of the fence can be written as , where and are integers.
Find the value of .
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Looking at the graph, we know that △ A ′ B ′ D ′ is an equilateral triangle ⟹ ∠ D ′ A ′ B ′ = ∠ A ′ B ′ D ′ = ∠ A ′ D ′ B ′ = 6 0 ∘ .
We know that each of the line segments is tangent to the graph; thus q u a d r i l a t e r a l s A B B ′ A ′ , A ′ D ′ E F , a n d D ′ B ′ C D are all rectangles,
∣ A B ∣ = ∣ C D ∣ = ∣ E F ∣ = 2 × r = 2 × 9 = 1 8 ⟹ the measure of the three segments is 3 × 1 8 = 5 4 u n i t s ;
⟹ ∠ A A ′ B ′ = ∠ B B ′ A ′ = ∠ F A ′ D ′ = ∠ A ′ D ′ E = ∠ D D ′ B ′ = ∠ D ′ B ′ C = 9 0 ∘ .
⟹ ∠ A A ′ F = ∠ D D ′ E = ∠ C C ′ F = 1 2 0 ∘
⟹ a r c A F = a r c B C = a r c D E = 2 π r × 3 6 0 1 2 0 = 6 π ,
Thus, the length of the fence is 1 8 π + 5 4 ⟹ x = 5 4 a n d y = 1 8 ⟹ 3 1 8 + 5 4 = 6 0
Note: The graph is not perfectly drawn to scale, my internet was too slow but you got the idea.