A B C , ∠ B A C = 9 0 o and A C > A B . O is the midpoint of B C and I is the center of incircle of a triangle A B C . If ∠ B I O = 9 0 o , what is the value of A C A B ?
In the triangle
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Can we go pure geometric? That will be a bit smarter .
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Wait and see if there are other solutions. Guess I am not that smart.
I attempted to solve it using trigonometry but resorted to geometry.
c = 2 ( x + y ) - given
a = c − x + r - inspection
b = x + r - inspection
r y = x r implies r = x y
Therefore
a = x + 2 y + x y
b = x + x y
Since c 2 = a 2 + b 2 we can solve for y in terms of x , obtaining (after a lot of algebra) y = 4 x , so that a b = 4 3 .
I am curious if anyone else did it this simple way, if they found an elegant way to do the algebra. Mine was ugly.
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Let ∠ I B O = θ . Then, ∠ I O B = 9 0 ∘ − θ . And since incenter I is the meeting point of angle bisectors of △ A B C , then ∠ A B I = ∠ I B O = θ and ∠ I C O = 2 1 ∠ A C O = 2 1 ( 9 0 ∘ − ∠ A B O ) = 4 5 ∘ − θ .
Let B C be a and the altitude of △ B I C and △ B I O , I D = h . We note that:
△ B I O : tan θ h + tan ( 9 0 ∘ − θ ) h tan θ h + cot θ h tan θ 1 + tan θ = O B = 2 a = 2 h a . . . ( 1 )
△ B I C : tan θ h + tan ( 4 5 ∘ − θ ) h tan θ h + 1 − tan θ h ( 1 + tan θ ) tan θ 1 + 1 − tan θ 1 + tan θ = B C = a = h a . . . ( 2 )
2 ( 1 ) = ( 2 ) : tan θ 2 + 2 tan θ tan θ 1 + 2 tan θ ( 1 − tan θ ) ( 1 + 2 tan 2 θ ) 1 − tan θ + 2 tan 2 θ − 2 tan 3 θ 2 tan 3 θ − tan 2 θ + 2 tan θ − 1 ⟹ tan θ = tan θ 1 + 1 − tan θ 1 + tan θ = 1 − tan θ 1 + tan θ = tan θ ( 1 + tan θ ) = tan θ + tan 2 θ = 0 = 2 1
Now we have A C A B = tan 2 θ 1 = 2 tan θ 1 − tan 2 θ = 2 × 2 1 1 − 4 1 = 4 3