M is the midpoint of the side C D of a square A B C D of side lenght 2 4 c m . P is a point such that P A = P B = P M . If the minimum length of P M is K c m , what is the value of K ?
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Such great solution, much wow!!! :)
L e t A B C D i n X − Y p l a n e s u c h t h a t A ( − 1 2 , − 1 2 ) & B ( 1 2 , − 1 2 ) & C ( 1 2 , 1 2 ) & D ( − 1 2 , 1 2 ) . S i n c e P A = P B = P C s o ′ P ′ m u s t l i e o n Y − a x i s ( B y S y m m e t r y ) l e t P ( 0 , α ) . N o w P M = P A ⟹ ( α − 1 2 ) 2 = ( α + 1 2 ) 2 + ( 1 2 ) 2 ⟹ α = − 3 ⟹ P M = 1 5 .
If M is the midpoint of C D , and P A = P B = P M , then P is the circumcentre of △ A B M . Now, ∠ A M B = 1 8 0 − 2 tan − 1 ( 2 ) . Thus, sin ∠ A M B = 0 . 8
By sine rule, sin ∠ A M B A B = 2 R or 0 . 8 2 4 = 2 P M
Thus, P M = 1 5
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Let the midpoint of A B be N and l = P A = P B = P M . When l is minimum when P M is perpendicular to C D and M P N is a straight line. Then P N = 2 4 − l . By Pythagoras theorem, we have:
A N 2 + P N 2 = A P 2
⇒ 1 2 2 + ( 2 4 − l ) 2 = l 2
1 4 4 + 5 7 6 − 4 8 l + l 2 = l 2
⇒ l = 4 8 7 2 0 = 1 5