Electrified parabola

The electric field at the focus due to only one parabola x 2 = 4 z x^2=4z is k λ π ε 0 \frac{k\lambda}{\pi\varepsilon_{0}} find 3 k -3k .

Details

  • λ \lambda is the linear charge density of the parabola.


The answer is -1.

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2 solutions

Let's just do this for x 2 = 4 y x^{2} = 4y

Consider a small element d l dl along the curve, at ( x , y ) (x,y)

The line joining the focus to the point makes an angle θ \theta with positive x-axis.
The electric field by the element at focus,
d E 1 = 2 k λ d l ( y + 1 ) 2 dE_{1} = \dfrac{2k\lambda dl}{(y+1)^{2}}
d l = y + 1 d y y dl = \sqrt{y+1}\dfrac{dy}{\sqrt{y}}


Consider a similar element on the other branch of the parabola, making the same angle θ \theta with negative x-axis.
The electric field by these two elements cancel in the horizontal direction , but add up in the vertical direction.

The vertical electric field d E dE in downward direction is given by,
d E = 2 d E 1 sin ( θ ) dE = 2dE_{1}\sin(\theta)

sin ( θ ) = y 1 y + 1 \sin(\theta) = \dfrac{y-1}{y+1}
d E = 2 k λ y 1 ( y + 1 ) 5 2 y d y \therefore dE = 2k\lambda\dfrac{y-1}{(y+1)^{\frac{5}{2}}\sqrt{y}}dy

E = 2 k λ 0 y 1 ( y + 1 ) 5 2 y d y E = \displaystyle 2k\lambda\int_{0}^{\infty}\dfrac{y-1}{(y+1)^{\frac{5}{2}}\sqrt{y}}dy

Substitue y = tan 2 ( u ) y = \tan^{2}(u) , the integral gets converted to,

E = 4 k λ 0 π 2 tan 2 ( u ) 1 sec 3 ( u ) d u = 4 k λ 0 π 2 cos ( u ) ( sin 2 ( u ) cos 2 ( u ) ) d u E = 4k\lambda \displaystyle \int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}}\dfrac{\tan^{2}(u)-1}{\sec^{3}(u)}du = 4k\lambda \displaystyle \int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}}\cos(u)(\sin^{2}(u) - \cos^{2}(u))du
E = 4 k λ 0 π 2 cos ( u ) cos ( 2 u ) d u E = -4k\lambda \displaystyle \int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \cos(u)\cos(2u)du
E = 2 k λ 0 π 2 cos ( u ) + cos ( 3 u ) d u E = -2k \lambda \displaystyle \int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}}\cos(u) + \cos(3u)du
E = 2 k λ [ sin ( u ) + sin ( 3 u ) 3 ] 0 π 2 = 2 k λ 2 3 E = -2k\lambda \left[\sin(u) + \dfrac{\sin(3u)}{3}\right]_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} = -2k\lambda \dfrac{2}{3}
Substitute, k = 1 4 π ϵ 0 k = \dfrac{1}{4\pi \epsilon_{0}}
E = λ 3 π ϵ 0 E = -\dfrac{\lambda}{3\pi\epsilon_{0}}
E = ( λ 3 π ϵ 0 ) ( j ^ ) = λ 3 π ϵ 0 ( j ^ ) \therefore \vec{E} =( -\dfrac{\lambda}{3\pi \epsilon_{0}}) (- \hat{j}) = \dfrac{\lambda}{3\pi\epsilon_{0}}(\hat{j})

I used the following properties :
Distance of a point on parabola from focus = Distance from directrix.

d l = 1 + ( d x d y ) 2 d y dl = \sqrt{1+\left(\dfrac{dx}{dy}\right)^{2}}dy
cos ( A ) + cos ( B ) = 2 cos ( A + B 2 ) cos ( A B 2 ) \cos(A)+\cos(B) = 2\cos\left(\frac{A+B}{2}\right)\cos\left(\frac{A-B}{2}\right)

it happens with me only ! entered 1 but got wrong so , just discussed solutions !

A Former Brilliant Member - 4 years, 6 months ago

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I also first entered 1 :P

But then saw sign issues and then entered -1.

Harsh Shrivastava - 4 years, 1 month ago

How did u arrive at the formula for dl in terms of dy

avi solanki - 4 years, 2 months ago
Anil Kumar
Apr 10, 2016

you can easily solvethis que

points needed to be kept in mind

only one component of force will be nonzero

distance between elemnt and focus can be foundd by knowing that distance betwwen focus and point of parabola is equalt to the perpendicular to the vertex

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