Get it's minimum

Calculus Level 3

Find the minimum value of x x x^{x} for all positive real x x .

e e e^{e} e e e^{-e} This function doesn't has any minimum value as it is increasing e 1 / e e^{-1/e} e 1 / e e^{1/e}

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1 solution

Chew-Seong Cheong
Feb 20, 2018

Let y ( x ) = x x y(x) = x^x .

y = x x = e x ln x d y d x = ( ln x + 1 ) e x ln x = ( ln x + 1 ) x x \begin{aligned} y & = x^x = e^{x\ln x} \\ \frac {dy}{dx} & = (\ln x + 1)e^{x\ln x} = (\ln x + 1)x^x\end{aligned} .

Equating d y d x = 0 \dfrac {dy}{dx} = 0 , since x x > 0 x^x > 0 implies ln x + 1 = 0 \ln x + 1 = 0 or ln x = 1 \ln x = -1 x = e 1 = 1 e \implies x = e^{-1} = \dfrac 1e .

Now, note that d 2 y d x 2 = x 2 x + ( ln x + 1 ) 2 x x > 0 \dfrac {d^2 y}{dx^2} = \dfrac {x^2}x + (\ln x+1)^2 x^x > 0 , when x = 1 e x=\dfrac 1e . This means that y ( 1 e ) = e 1 e y \left(\frac 1e\right) =\boxed{e^{-\frac 1e}} is minimum.

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