Going to be beautiful

Algebra Level 5

The equation ( z + 1 ) 7 + z 7 = 0 { (z+1) }^{ 7 }+{ z }^{ 7 }=0 has roots z 1 , z 2 z 7 . { z }_{ 1 },{ z }_{ 2 }\cdots{ z }_{ 7 }. Let r = 1 7 Re ( z r ) = a \sum _{ r=1 }^{ 7 }{ \text{Re}({ z }_{ r }) } =a and r = 1 7 Im ( z r ) = b . \sum _{ r=1 }^{ 7 }{ \text{Im}({ z }_{ r }) } =b. Then the quadratic equation whose roots are 2 a \left| 2a \right| and b + 9 \left| b+9 \right| can be represented as x 2 + c x + d = 0. { x }^{ 2 }+cx+d=0. Find the value of ( c + d + 21 ) . (\left| c \right| +\left| d \right| +21).


The answer is 100.

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3 solutions

Nikitesh Soneji
Dec 23, 2014

eqn will open up to 2(Z^7) + 7(Z^6) +. . . =0 (by binomial theorem)

so, Z1 +Z2 +Z3 +Z4 + . . . +Z7 = (-7)/2

hence, summation Im (Zr) = 0 and summation Re(Zr) = (-7)/2

|2a| = 7, |b+9|=9

and from quadratic eqn -c = |2a| + |b+9| =16 and d=|2a|*|b+9|=63 hence |c| + |d| +21 =100

Pranjal Jain
Feb 6, 2015

( z + 1 ) 7 = z 7 z + 1 = z (z+1)^7=-z^7\\\Rightarrow |z+1|=|z|

So all of the 7 roots lies on x = 1 2 x=\dfrac{-1}{2} . Therefore, a = r = 1 7 R e ( z r ) = 7 2 a=\displaystyle\sum_{r=1}^7 Re(z_r)=\dfrac{-7}{2} .

By symmetry, b = r = 1 7 I m ( z r ) = 0 b=\displaystyle\sum_{r=1}^7 Im(z_r)=0

So, 2 a = 7 , b + 9 = 9 |2a|=7, |b+9|=9

Hence the equation is x 2 16 x + 63 = 0 x^2-16x+63=0

16 + 63 + 21 = 100 16+63+21=100

Nice solution. And best of luck for jee.!!

Gautam Sharma - 6 years, 4 months ago
Omkar Kamat
Dec 29, 2014

A complex numbers solution: (z+1)^7=-z^7. Taking 7th roots, we see that z+1= -wz, where w is a 7th root of unity. We know that there are 7 of these and these are all distinct. Rearranging gives z=-1/(1+w) .

Some experimenting will show us that the real term is always -1/2 so a=-7/2. Now for the imaginary part, we notice that the polynomial has real coefficients so if a+ib is a root, a-ib is also a root. So b=0. Hence, the roots of the quadratic equation are 7 and 9.

(x-7)(x-9)= x^2-16x+63. So the value of the expression required is 16+63+21=100.

This is one of those answers which you immediately know is right even before checking.

Yeah good solution and i am also surprised that it is rated 295 points(may be because of quadratic i gave at last.) You can try this and this (must see) for harder problems.

Gautam Sharma - 6 years, 5 months ago

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