Gravitation takes a toll

A very large number of small particles forms a spherical cloud. Initially, they are at rest, having a uniform mass density per unit volume ρ 0 \rho_0 , and occupy a region of radius r 0 r_0 . The cloud collapses due to gravitation; the particles do not interact with each other in any other way.

How much time passes until the cloud collapses entirely?

t = π 96 G ρ 0 . t = \sqrt{ \dfrac \pi{96 G \rho_0}} \; .

The correct ans is of the form k t kt where k k is a rational number . Report your answer as the value of k k upto 2 decimals.


Source: A test.


The answer is 3.00.

This section requires Javascript.
You are seeing this because something didn't load right. We suggest you, (a) try refreshing the page, (b) enabling javascript if it is disabled on your browser and, finally, (c) loading the non-javascript version of this page . We're sorry about the hassle.

1 solution

Muhammad Altair
Apr 12, 2016

Since we neglect the interaction between each gas particle, we can modeled the cloud as a particle Free Falling with height r 0 {{r}_{0}} , but the acceleration will be varies depends on the distance from the center of cloud. In this case of Free Fall, we shall use Keppler’s 3rd law with eccentricity of the orbit e = e=\infty (which appears as line). T 2 a 3 = 4 π 2 G M \frac{{{T}^{2}}}{{{a}^{3}}}=\frac{4{{\pi }^{2}}}{GM} Where a a is the semi-major axis, in this case a a equals to r 0 2 \frac{{{r}_{0}}}{2} T 2 ( r 0 2 ) 3 = 4 π 2 G M \Rightarrow \frac{{{T}^{2}}}{{{\left( \frac{{{r}_{0}}}{2} \right)}^{3}}}=\frac{4{{\pi }^{2}}}{GM} T 2 = 4 π 2 ( r 0 2 ) 3 G M {{T}^{2}}=\frac{4{{\pi }^{2}}{{\left( \frac{{{r}_{0}}}{2} \right)}^{3}}}{GM} T 2 = 4 π 2 r 0 3 8 G M {{T}^{2}}=\frac{4{{\pi }^{2}}r_{0}^{3}}{8GM} And mass of the cloud M = ρ 0 . V = ρ 0 4 3 π r 0 3 M={{\rho }_{0}}.V={{\rho }_{0}}\frac{4}{3}\pi r_{0}^{3} T 2 = 4 π 2 r 0 3 8 G ρ 0 4 3 π r 0 3 \Rightarrow {{T}^{2}}=\frac{4{{\pi }^{2}}r_{0}^{3}}{8G{{\rho }_{0}}\frac{4}{3}\pi r_{0}^{3}} T = 3 π 8 G ρ 0 \Rightarrow T=\sqrt{\frac{3\pi }{8G{{\rho }_{0}}}} Where T T is the period of the particle. Let the time needed for the cloud to collapse entirely be P P , where P P is given by P = T 2 P=\frac{T}{2} P = 1 2 3 π 8 G ρ 0 P=\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{\frac{3\pi }{8G{{\rho }_{0}}}} P = 3 π 32 G ρ 0 \Rightarrow P=\sqrt{\frac{3\pi }{32G{{\rho }_{0}}}} Now, we can solve for k k k t = 3 π 32 G ρ 0 kt=\sqrt{\frac{3\pi }{32G{{\rho }_{0}}}} k π 96 G ρ 0 = 3 π 32 G ρ 0 k\sqrt{\frac{\pi }{96G{{\rho }_{0}}}}=\sqrt{\frac{3\pi }{32G{{\rho }_{0}}}} k = 288 π G ρ 0 32 π G ρ 0 k=\sqrt{\frac{288\pi G{{\rho }_{0}}}{32\pi G{{\rho }_{0}}}} k = 288 32 = 9 \Rightarrow k=\sqrt{\frac{288}{32}}=\sqrt{9} k = 3 \therefore k=3 Yes, 3 is a rational number :)

0 pending reports

×

Problem Loading...

Note Loading...

Set Loading...