Grumpy Quadrilateral

Geometry Level 3

In a quadrilateral A B C D ABCD , A B D = B C D \angle ABD = \angle BCD and A D B = A B D + B D C \angle ADB = \angle ABD + \angle BDC . If A B = 8 AB = 8 and A D = 5 AD = 5 . What is the length of B C ? BC?

4 10 9 \frac{10}{9} 43 7 \frac{43}{7} 39 5 \frac{39}{5}

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2 solutions

Chew-Seong Cheong
Nov 26, 2020

Let A B D = B C D = α \angle ABD = \angle BCD = \alpha and B D C = β \angle BDC = \beta . Then A D B = A B D + B D C = α + β \angle ADB = \angle ABD + \angle BDC = \alpha+\beta . Split A D B \angle ADB by D E DE such that A D E = α \angle ADE = \alpha and B D E = β \angle BDE = \beta . Then D E A = D B E + B D E = α + β \angle DEA = \angle DBE + \angle BDE = \alpha + \beta .

We note that A D E \triangle ADE and A B D \triangle ABD are similar. Then A E A D = A D A B = 5 8 A E = 5 8 A D = 25 8 \dfrac {AE}{AD} = \dfrac {AD}{AB} = \dfrac 58 \implies AE = \dfrac 58 \cdot AD = \dfrac {25}8 . Also B C D \triangle BCD and B D E \triangle BDE are similar and

B C B D = B E D E B C = B E B D D E = B E A B A D = ( 8 25 8 ) 8 5 = 39 5 \frac {BC}{BD} = \frac {BE}{DE} \implies BC = BE \cdot \frac {BD}{DE} = BE \cdot \frac {AB}{AD} = \left(8-\frac {25}8 \right)\frac 85 = \boxed{\frac {39}5}

How can we students know what to do next? I basically mean how did you think about splitting A D B \angle ADB by D E ? DE?

Utsav Playz - 6 months ago

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Basically one will learn through experience. Problems are set by human. Through experience you will learn to know why the creator of the problem set the problem that way.

Chew-Seong Cheong - 6 months ago

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Thanks! By the way, I released a new Problem. Check it out!

Utsav Playz - 6 months ago
Sathvik Acharya
Nov 26, 2020

Let A B D = α \angle ABD= \alpha and B D C = β \angle BDC= \beta , we are given that B C D = α \angle BCD=\alpha and A D B = α + β \angle ADB=\alpha +\beta .

By the alternate segment theorem , A B AB is tangent to the circumcircle of B D C \triangle BDC at point B B .

Construction: Draw the circumcircle of B D C \triangle BDC and extend A D AD to E E such the point lies on the circle.

Simple angle chasing leads to B D E = D B C = 180 α β \angle BDE=\angle DBC= 180-\alpha -\beta Since quadrilateral B D E C BDEC is cyclic , D E B = B C D = α \angle DEB=\angle BCD =\alpha From the above results, it is easy to see that B D E D B C D E = B C \triangle BDE\cong \triangle DBC \implies DE=BC Applying the tanget-secant theorem , A D A E = A B 2 A D ( A D + D E ) = A B 2 D E = B C = A B 2 A D 2 A D AD\cdot AE=AB^2\implies AD\cdot (AD+DE)=AB^2\implies DE=BC=\frac{AB^2-AD^2}{AD} Substituting the given values for A D AD and A B AB , B C = 8 2 5 2 5 = 39 5 \boxed{BC=\frac{8^2-5^2}{5}=\frac{39}{5}}

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