Consider an infinitely long solid metallic cylinder having axis along . Consider a plane passing through axis of cylinder cutting it in two equal parts. In one part is a uniformly distributed current and in another part is a uniformly distributed current . As always, task is simple, find the magnitude of magnetic field on the axis of cylinder in .
Details and assumptions :
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By Ampere's Law, the magnetic field around a cable with current(I) flowing along its axis is B = 2 π r μ 0 i , where "r" is the distance between the axis of the cable and the point where we are calculating field.
Considering the half cylinder as a collection of infinitesimal cables, let's first calculate the field created by a half hollow cylinder(negligible thickness).
An element in this object will create a field d B = 2 π r μ 0 i however, this field is radial, so if θ is the angle between the vertical and the element's position, the vertical component of the field will be d B = 2 π r μ 0 i s e n θ .It is intuitive that horizontal components of field will cancel along the half-cylinder. Making i = K d l , where K is current density and integrating, we get: ∫ d B = ∫ 2 π r μ 0 K d l s e n θ = 2 π r μ 0 K ∫ 0 1 8 0 s e n θ d l ,but d l = r d θ and K = π r i ′ , thus:
B = π 2 r μ 0 i ′
Making i ′ = J d a (where J = 2 π r 2 I is current density), with d a = π r d r and integrating again to expand this to a solid half-cylinder:
B = ∫ 0 R π 2 r μ 0 J π r d r → B = π 2 r 2 μ 0 I
Finally, the field in the proposed situation will be the superposition of B 1 and B 2 :
B = B 1 + B 2 → B = π 2 r 2 μ 0 I 1 + π 2 r 2 μ 0 I 2
Plugging the given values:
B = 4 8 μ T