What is the smallest positive multiple of 11 such that its middle digit is a 0?
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Let the required solution (the smallest multiple of 11 with 0 as the middle digit) be 1 1 n . It is obvious that n > 9 . Let 1 0 ≤ n ≤ 1 9 and let n = 1 0 + m , where 0 ≤ m ≤ 9 . Then we have:
1 1 n = 1 1 ( 1 0 + m ) = 1 0 0 + 1 0 + 1 0 m + m = 1 0 0 + 1 0 ( 1 + m ) + m
For the middle digit to be 0, 1 + m = 1 0 ⟹ m = 9 and 1 1 n = 1 0 0 + 1 0 0 + 9 = 2 0 9 .