Happy Bday Trevor B! (a bit late may be)

Calculus Level 3

1729 2016 1 cos ( 2 x ) + 2 sin 2 ( x ) cos ( 2 x ) sin 2 ( x ) cos 2 ( x ) d x = ? \large \int_{1729}^{2016} \dfrac{1-\cos(2x)+2\sin^2(x)\cos(2x)}{\sin^2(x)\cos^2(x)} dx = \ ?


This problem is original and is dedicated to Trevor B on his birthday! :)


The answer is 1148.

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1 solution

Nihar Mahajan
Feb 21, 2016

The integrand looks dirty for being integrated , so let us try to simplify the integrand using the trigonometric tools.

1 c o s ( 2 x ) + 2 s i n 2 ( x ) c o s ( 2 x ) s i n 2 ( x ) c o s 2 ( x ) = 1 + cos ( 2 x ) ( 2 sin 2 x 1 ) sin 2 x cos 2 x = 1 cos 2 ( 2 x ) sin 2 x cos 2 x = sin 2 ( 2 x ) sin 2 x cos 2 x = 4 s i n 2 ( 2 x ) 4 sin 2 x cos 2 x = 4 s i n 2 ( 2 x ) s i n 2 ( 2 x ) = 4 \begin{aligned} \dfrac{1-cos(2x)+2sin^2(x)cos(2x)}{sin^2(x)cos^2(x)} &= \dfrac{1+\cos(2x)(2\sin^2x-1)}{\sin^2x\cos^2x}\\ &= \dfrac{1-\cos^2(2x)}{\sin^2x\cos^2x} \\ &= \dfrac{\sin^2(2x)}{\sin^2x\cos^2x} \\ &= \dfrac{4sin^2(2x)}{4\sin^2x\cos^2x} \\ &= \dfrac{4sin^2(2x)}{sin^2(2x)}\\ &= \boxed{4} \end{aligned}

Now we are astonished that the dirty integrand itself is a constant! Hence we have:

1729 2016 1 c o s ( 2 x ) + 2 s i n 2 ( x ) c o s ( 2 x ) s i n 2 ( x ) c o s 2 ( x ) d x = 1729 2016 4 d x \int_{1729}^{2016} \dfrac{1-cos(2x)+2sin^2(x)cos(2x)}{sin^2(x)cos^2(x)} \, dx = \int_{1729}^{2016} 4 \, dx

1729 2016 4 d x = 4 x 1729 2016 = 4 ( 2016 ) 4 ( 1729 ) = 4 ( 2016 1729 ) = 4 × 287 = 1148 \int_{1729}^{2016} 4 \, dx = 4x\bigg|_{1729}^{2016} = 4(2016)-4(1729)=4(2016-1729)=4\times 287=\boxed{1148}

Moderator note:

Good observation of the simplification (then again, you wrote this problem, so you already knew it).

This is one of those integrals I have to be careful not to drop a 2 2 in when I'm doing it mentally. Thanks for the integral! (And I turned 17 on the 19th)

Trevor B. - 5 years, 3 months ago

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Welcome! :)

Nihar Mahajan - 5 years, 3 months ago

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