Hard one, Huh?

Calculus Level 4

lim n k = 0 n 1 ( 1 k n ) n = ? \Large \lim_{n\rightarrow \infty} \sqrt[n]{\prod_{k=0}^{n-1} \left(1-\frac{k}{n}\right)} = \ ?

Express your answer up to three decimal places!


The answer is 0.367.

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3 solutions

Hamza Omar
Dec 4, 2015

The equation lim n n ! n n 2 π n = e n \lim_{n\to\infty} \frac{n!}{n^n\sqrt{2\pi n}}=e^{-n} does not quite make sense, with that term e n e^{-n} on the RHS.

Otto Bretscher - 5 years, 6 months ago

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Exactly, the correct solution yielded might be a luck hit!

jafar badour - 5 years, 6 months ago
Durian Ice
Oct 14, 2018

lim n k = 0 n 1 ( 1 k n ) n \displaystyle{\lim_{n\rightarrow \infty} \sqrt[n]{\prod_{k=0}^{n-1}\left( 1-\frac{k}{n} \right)}} = exp ( lim n 1 n k = 0 n 1 ln ( 1 k n ) ) =\displaystyle{\exp{\left( \lim_{n\rightarrow\infty}\frac{1}{n}\sum_{k=0}^{n-1}\ln \left( 1-\frac{k}{n} \right) \right)}}

Then, by the definition of Riemann integral over a regular partition, the limit becomes

exp ( 0 1 ln ( 1 x ) d x ) \displaystyle{\exp\left( \int_0^1 \ln(1-x)\, \text{d}x \right)}

= 1 e =\displaystyle{\frac{1}{e} }

Aakash Khandelwal
Aug 18, 2016

Answer is e x p ( P ) exp(P)

Where P is integration of l n ( 1 x ) ln(1-x) from zero to 1 =-1

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