If H ( n ) = k = 1 ∑ n k 1
Then n = 1 ∑ ∞ [ ( − 1 ) n + 1 n H ( 2 n ) − H ( n ) ] can be written in the form b π a + ( d ln ( c ) ) 2 where a , b , c , d are positive integers.
What is the value of a + b + c + d ?
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Wonderful problem based on generating function . Here is my approch.
The generating function of Harmonic number is n = 1 ∑ ∞ H n x n = x − 1 ln ( 1 − x ) ⇒ n = 1 ∑ ∞ H n x n − 1 = x ( x − 1 ) ln ( 1 − x ) and hence on integrating from 0 to x = − 1 we yield n = 1 ∑ ∞ n H n ( − 1 ) n = ∫ 0 − 1 x ( x − 1 ) ln ( 1 − x ) = L i 2 ( − 1 ) + 2 ln 2 ( 2 ) = − η ( 2 ) + 2 ln 2 ( 2 ) = − ( 1 − 2 1 ) ζ ( 2 ) + 2 ln 2 ( 2 ) = − 1 2 π 2 + 2 ln 2 ( 2 ) multiply by − 1 we have as desired series on left giving us 1 2 π 2 − 2 ln 2 ( 2 ) . Or following the above work wr can deduce the generating function as n = 1 ∑ ∞ n H n x n = L i 2 ( x ) + 2 ln 2 ( 1 − x ) ⋯ ( 1 ) We evaluate n = 1 ∑ ∞ ( − 1 ) n + 1 n H 2 n by setting x = i and multiplying thoroughly by − 2 in main generating function ( 1 ) .That is ℜ ( n = 1 ∑ ∞ n − 2 H n i n ) = n = 1 ∑ ∞ ( − 1 ) n + 1 n H 2 n = ℜ ( − 2 L i 2 ( i ) − ln 2 ( 1 − i ) ) Note that L i 2 ( i ) = − 4 1 η ( 2 ) + i β ( 2 ) = − 4 8 π 2 + i G also ln 2 ( 1 − i ) = ln ( 2 e − 4 i π ) 2 = ( 2 ln 2 − 4 i π ) 2 = 4 ln 2 2 − 1 6 π 2 − i 4 ln 2 π and the eqauting with real part we have ℜ ( − 2 L i 2 ( i ) − ln 2 ( 1 − i ) ) = 2 4 π 2 − 4 ln 2 2 + 1 6 π 2 = 4 8 5 π 2 − 4 ln 2 2 and our desired answer is 4 8 5 π 2 − 4 ln 2 2 − 1 2 π 2 + 2 ln 2 2 = 4 8 π 2 + 4 ln 2 2
Notation η ( . ) is Dirichlet eta function and β ( . ) is Dirichlet beta function.