Have a look at its peak

Geometry Level 4

Find the greatest value of the function f ( x ) = ( sin 1 x ) 3 + ( cos 1 x ) 3 f(x)=\left( \sin^{-1}x \right)^3 + \left( \cos^{-1}x \right)^3

for 1 x 1 -1 \leq x \leq 1 . Give your answer to 3 decimal places.


The answer is 27.130.

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3 solutions

Deepanshu Gupta
Dec 8, 2014

For rigorous proof : Use following two identity

a 3 + b 3 = ( a + b ) ( a 2 + b 2 a b ) a 2 + b 2 = ( a + b ) 2 2 a b { a }^{ 3 }\quad +\quad { b }^{ 3 }\quad =\quad (a\quad +\quad b)({ a }^{ 2 }\quad +\quad { b }^{ 2 }\quad -\quad ab)\\ \\ { a }^{ 2 }\quad +\quad { b }^{ 2 }\quad =\quad { (a\quad +\quad b) }^{ 2 }\quad -\quad 2ab .

f ( x ) = ( sin 1 x + cos 1 x ) ( ( sin 1 x ) 2 + ( cos 1 x ) 2 sin 1 x cos 1 x ) f ( x ) = π 2 ( π 4 2 3 sin 1 x cos 1 x ) ( sin 1 x ) m i n = π 2 & ( cos 1 x ) m a x = π ( a t S a m e x , i . e x = 1 ) f ( x ) m a x = f ( 1 ) = 7 8 π 3 f\left( x \right) =(\sin ^{ -1 }{ x } +\cos ^{ -1 }{ x } )({ (\sin ^{ -1 }{ x } ) }^{ 2 }+{ (\cos ^{ -1 }{ x) } }^{ 2 }-\sin ^{ -1 }{ x } \cos ^{ -1 }{ x } )\\ \\ f\left( x \right) =\cfrac { \pi }{ 2 } ({ \cfrac { \pi }{ 4 } }^{ 2 }-3\sin ^{ -1 }{ x } \cos ^{ -1 }{ x } )\quad \\ \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \\ \bullet \quad { (\sin ^{ -1 }{ x } ) }_{ min }\quad =\quad \cfrac { -\pi }{ 2 } \quad \& \quad ({ \cos ^{ -1 }{ x } ) }_{ max }\quad =\quad \pi \quad \quad \quad \\ (at\quad Same\quad x\quad ,\quad i.e\quad x\quad =\quad -1)\\ \\ { f\left( x \right) }_{ max }=f\left( -1 \right) =\cfrac { 7 }{ 8 } { \pi }^{ 3 }\, .



Note : Also Here Minimum of f(x) will be

f ( x ) m i n = f ( 1 2 ) = π 3 32 { f\left( x \right) }_{ min }\quad =\quad f(\cfrac { 1 }{ \sqrt { 2 } } )\quad =\quad \cfrac { { \pi }^{ 3 } }{ 32 } \quad .

Nice Deepu :) ! This is called elegant Solution ! Others just use hit and trial which is not mathematical !

Karan Shekhawat - 6 years, 6 months ago

here i used differential method and found the first derivative and got cos-1 x =sin-1x have i made any mistake? so got only x=1/sqrt(2).

Ashwin Gopal - 6 years, 6 months ago

you are gr8! what are u doing now?

Ashwin Gopal - 6 years, 6 months ago

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Here Domain of function is restricted So it doesn't mean extreme values of function will occurs only at critical points ( where f'(x) = 0 ) You Must have to check Boundary condition's too !

So it gives : f(-1) > f(1) > f( 1 / s q r t ( 2 ) 1/sqrt(2) .)

And currently I'am Preparing For IIT JEE - 2015 ! :)

Deepanshu Gupta - 6 years, 6 months ago

Yes did the same

Rindell Mabunga - 6 years, 6 months ago

Thanks for a nice solution. Up voted.

Niranjan Khanderia - 5 years, 4 months ago

After some observation, I have found out that if x=-1, f(x) gives the maximum value. And also, it is also notable that for x=-1, arc cosx =pie and it is the maximum value of arc cosx and the value of arc sinx can never be more than pie/2 so this mathematical nature also ensures the maximum value of f(x) when x=-1

Ashish Gupta
Feb 8, 2017

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