On the sides and diagonal of a rectangle, Andrew creates regular heptagons (or septagons) with their side lengths matching the length of the segment they are on. What is the relationship between the areas?
Note: Let represent the area, represent the area, and represent the area.
For those who are colorblind: the red area is the one on the diagonal, the green is the one on the long side, and the blue is the one on the short side.
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Relevant wiki: Pythagorean Theorem
The area of a heptagon is 4 7 × x 2 cot ( 7 1 8 0 ° ) , given a side length x . Call the short side of the rectangle a , the long side b , and the diagonal c . Thus, our three equations for the areas of the heptagons are
4 7 × a 2 cot ( 7 1 8 0 ° ) , 4 7 × b 2 cot ( 7 1 8 0 ° ) , 4 7 × c 2 cot ( 7 1 8 0 ° ) .
We know due to the pythagorean theorem that a 2 + b 2 = c 2 . Also k ( a 2 ) + k ( b 2 ) = k ( c 2 ) because of the distributive property. In this case, k = 4 7 × cot ( 7 1 8 0 ° ) . Thus, we know that 4 7 × a 2 cot ( 7 1 8 0 ° ) = 4 7 × b 2 cot ( 7 1 8 0 ° ) + 4 7 × c 2 cot ( 7 1 8 0 ° ) . Then, R = G + B .
Note: It is not necessary to know the formula for the area of a heptagon to solve this problem. All that is needed is that the formula has an x 2 in it somewhere, and the rest is constant.