Heptagons? I can't even draw those!

Level 2

On the sides and diagonal of a rectangle, Andrew creates regular heptagons (or septagons) with their side lengths matching the length of the segment they are on. What is the relationship between the R e d , G r e e n , a n d B l u e \color{#ff0000}{Red,}\;\color{#00ff00}{Green, }\;\color{#000000}{and }\;\color{#0000ff}{Blue} areas?

Note: Let R \color{#ff0000}{R} represent the R e d \color{#ff0000}{Red} area, G \color{#00ff00}{G} represent the G r e e n \color{#00ff00}{Green} area, and B \color{#0000ff}{B} represent the B l u e \color{#0000ff}{Blue} area.

For those who are colorblind: the red area is the one on the diagonal, the green is the one on the long side, and the blue is the one on the short side.

B G = R B - G = R There is no relationship between the three variables B , R , G B, R, G B 2 + G 2 = R 2 B^2 + G^2 = R^2 R = B × G R = B \times G B + G = R B + G = R B 2 + G 2 = R \frac{B}{2} + \frac{G}{2} = R

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2 solutions

Arul Kolla
Sep 6, 2017

Relevant wiki: Pythagorean Theorem

The area of a heptagon is 7 4 × x 2 cot ( 180 ° 7 ) \frac{7}{4}\times x^2 \cot(\frac{180°}{7}) , given a side length x x . Call the short side of the rectangle a a , the long side b b , and the diagonal c c . Thus, our three equations for the areas of the heptagons are

7 4 × a 2 cot ( 180 ° 7 ) \frac{7}{4}\times a^2 \cot(\frac{180°}{7}) , 7 4 × b 2 cot ( 180 ° 7 ) \frac{7}{4}\times b^2 \cot(\frac{180°}{7}) , 7 4 × c 2 cot ( 180 ° 7 ) \frac{7}{4}\times c^2 \cot(\frac{180°}{7}) .

We know due to the pythagorean theorem that a 2 + b 2 = c 2 a^2 + b^2 = c^2 . Also k ( a 2 ) + k ( b 2 ) = k ( c 2 ) k(a^2) + k(b^2) = k(c^2) because of the distributive property. In this case, k = 7 4 × cot ( 180 ° 7 ) k = \frac{7}{4}\times \cot(\frac{180°}{7}) . Thus, we know that 7 4 × a 2 cot ( 180 ° 7 ) \frac{7}{4}\times a^2 \cot(\frac{180°}{7}) = 7 4 × b 2 cot ( 180 ° 7 ) \frac{7}{4}\times b^2 \cot(\frac{180°}{7}) + 7 4 × c 2 cot ( 180 ° 7 ) \frac{7}{4}\times c^2 \cot(\frac{180°}{7}) . Then, R = G + B \boxed{R = G + B} .

Note: It is not necessary to know the formula for the area of a heptagon to solve this problem. All that is needed is that the formula has an x 2 x^2 in it somewhere, and the rest is constant.

Geoff Pilling
Nov 1, 2018

The heptagon areas are proportional to the side lengths squared and a^2 + b^2 = c^2

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