High Five!

There are 5 5 5^5 numbers made exclusively from odd digits, exactly n n digits long, and divisible by 5 5 5^5 . Find n n .


The answer is 10.

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2 solutions

David Vreken
Apr 18, 2018

By direct observation, all numbers that are made exclusively from odd digits and divisible by 5 5 5^5 between 5 5 and 6 6 digits long all end in 59375 59375 .

Also, since 1 0 5 = 2 5 5 5 10^5 = 2^5 \cdot 5^5 , this means that 1 0 5 10^5 is divisible by 5 5 5^5 , which means that the last 5 5 digits of the multiples of 5 5 5^5 repeat themselves in a cycle, so all numbers that are made exclusively from odd digits and divisible by 5 5 5^5 for any number greater than 5 5 digits long must all end in 59375 59375 with any combination of odd numbers in front of the 59375 59375 .

Therefore, since there are 5 5 odd single digits ( 1 1 , 3 3 , 5 5 , 7 7 , and 9 9 ), the number of numbers that are made exclusively from odd digits and divisible by 5 5 5^5 for any number greater than 5 5 digits long follow powers of 5 5 , where the exponent is the number of spaces available in front of the 59375 59375 . In general, there are 5 n 5 5^{n - 5} numbers that can be made that are exactly n n digits long that are made exclusively from odd digits and divisible by 5 5 5^5 .

Since the problem asks for 5 5 5^5 numbers, n 5 = 5 n - 5 = 5 , and so n = 10 n = \boxed{10} .

Giorgos K.
Apr 19, 2018

When I tested 7-digit numbers using M a t h e m a t i c a Mathematica

Select[FromDigits/@Tuples[{1,3,5,7,9},{7}],IntegerQ[#/5^5]&]

I got {1159375,1359375,1559375,1759375,1959375,3159375,3359375,3559375,3759375,3959375,5159375,5359375,5559375,5759375,5959375,7159375,7359375,7559375,7759375,7959375,9159375,9359375,9559375,9759375,9959375}

which are ALL possible numbers ending in 59375

then I checked that there are exactly 3125 3125 5-tuples
Length@Tuples[{1, 3, 5, 7, 9}, {5}]

and I had the answer

Neat solution!

David Vreken - 3 years, 1 month ago

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