High voltage!!!

Suppose a capacitor of capacitance 1 μ F 1\mu F withstands maximum voltage of 6 kV while other capacitor of 2 μ F 2 \mu F can withstand maximum 4 kV . What is the maximum voltage that the system of these two capacitors can withstand when they are connected in series In kV ?


The answer is 9.

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1 solution

Steven Chase
Dec 17, 2017

The key with series capacitors is that if they are both uncharged at the beginning, the two capacitors will have the same charge at any given time. Recall the basic capacitor equation:

Q = C V Q = CV

Therefore, for these series capacitors:

C 1 V 1 = C 2 V 2 C_1 V_1 = C_2 V_2

What happens if we apply maximum voltage to C 1 C_1 (Assume C 1 = 1 μ F C_1 = 1 \mu F and C 2 = 2 μ F C_2 = 2 \mu F ).

( 1 μ F ) ( 6 k V ) = ( 2 μ F ) ( 3 k V ) (1 \mu F)(6 kV) = (2 \mu F)(3 kV)

Here we have a total series voltage of 9 k V 9 kV , and neither capacitor is overloaded. What about the case where max voltage is applied to C 2 C_2 ?

( 2 μ F ) ( 4 k V ) = ( 1 μ F ) ( 8 k V ) (2 \mu F)(4 kV) = (1 \mu F)(8 kV)

Here, C 1 C_1 is overloaded, so this is not a viable scenario. The answer is therefore 9 k V 9 kV

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