His/Her half-life?

Chemistry Level 3

The rate of the reaction a A + b B + c C d D aA + bB + cC \rightarrow dD is given by v = k [ A ] [ B ] 2 [ C ] 3 . v = k[A][B]^2[C]^3.

If [ A ] [A] and [ B ] [B] doubles and [ C ] [C] is halved, what is the change in the half-life of A ? A?

No change in the half life Twice of the original Half of the original 4 times of the original

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1 solution

Tan Kiat
May 19, 2014

For this question, we know that the half-life of a particular reactant, A A is given by t 1 / 2 = l n 2 k t_{1/2} = \frac{ln2}{k} , for R a t e = k [ A ] Rate = k[A] However, do note that this only applies for a first-order reaction, and hence, cannot be applied directly.

Consider this : R a t e = k [ A ] [ B ] 2 [ C ] 3 Rate = k[A][B]^2[C]^3

= R a t e = k [ C ] 3 [ B ] 2 [ A ] Rate = k[C]^3[B]^2[A]

= R a t e = k [ A ] Rate = k'[A] , where k = k [ C ] 3 [ B ] 2 k' = k[C]^3[B]^2

Hence, the half-life for A A is given by t 1 / 2 = l n 2 k t_{1/2} = \frac{ln2}{k'} , which simplifies to

t 1 / 2 = l n 2 k [ C ] 3 [ B ] 2 t_{1/2} = \frac{ln2}{k[C]^3[B]^2}

With that, for doubling [ B ] [B] while halving [ C ] [C] , the overall change in the denominator is that it is half of the original. Hence, the t 1 / 2 t_{1/2} is d o u b l e d \boxed{doubled}

This form of using k k' to substitute reactant concentration is known as a "Pseudo-first-order" reaction.

Note that a change in [ A ] [A] does NOT affect its own half-life

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rate_equation

Good explanation.

Bernardo Sulzbach - 6 years, 11 months ago

Hey, But, Why will concentrations of B and C be constant with time and not change. They will also decrease na!!! @Ankit Kumar Jain ... Isnt it?

Md Zuhair - 2 years, 7 months ago

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