How complexity does a number achieve #1

Algebra Level 2

ln ( ω ω ω ω 2 ) \large \ln\left(\dfrac{\omega^\omega}{\omega^{\omega^2}}\right)

If ω \omega is a non-real complex cube root of unity, then what is the value of the expression above?

2 π 3 \dfrac{-2\pi}{\sqrt3} π 3 \dfrac{\pi}{3} 2 π 3 \dfrac{-2\pi}{3} π 3 \dfrac{\pi}{\sqrt3}

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2 solutions

Jason Hughes
Jan 23, 2015

l n ( ω ω ω ω 2 ln(\dfrac{\omega^\omega}{\omega^{\omega^2}} ) = = l n ( ω ω ) l n ( ω ω 2 ln(\omega^\omega) - ln(\omega^{\omega^2} ) = = ( ω ω 2 ) l n ( ω ) (\omega- \omega^2)ln(\omega) .

Let l n ( ω ) = y ln(\omega)=y so ω = e y \omega=e^{y} . ω \omega is a cube root of unity also known as cos θ + i sin θ \cos \theta +i\sin \theta or e i θ e^{i\theta} where θ = 2 π 3 \theta = \dfrac{2\pi}{3} .

So y = 2 i π 3 y=\dfrac {2i\pi}{3} . Since ω 2 + ω + 1 = 0. \omega^2+\omega+1=0. Then ω ω 2 = 2 ω + 1 \omega-\omega^2 =2\omega+1 .

( 2 ω + 1 ) ( 2 i π 3 ) = ( 2 ( 1 + i 3 2 ) + 1 ) ( 2 i π 3 ) = i 2 2 π 3 3 = 2 π 3 (2\omega+1)(\dfrac{2i\pi}{3})=(2(\dfrac{-1 +i\sqrt3}{2}) +1)(\dfrac {2i\pi}{3} )= i^2 \dfrac{2\pi\sqrt3}{3} = \boxed{\frac{-2\pi}{\sqrt3}} .

Parag Zode
Dec 16, 2014

We have ω \omega as a complex root. and so according to condition we shift the denominator part to the numerator as follows:- ω ω ω 2 = e 2 π / 3 \omega^{\omega-\omega^2}=e^{-2\pi/\sqrt3} ..(it is a property). and thus we find out logarithm of this:- l n ( ω ) ω ω 2 = 2 π 3 ln(\omega)^{\omega-\omega^2}=\boxed{\dfrac{-2\pi}{\sqrt3}}

You have to be careful with complex exponentiation, and complex logarithms, because these are actually multi-valued functions.

Calvin Lin Staff - 6 years, 5 months ago

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What are multivalued function

Ram Sita - 3 years, 9 months ago

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