How many?

m m and n n are positive integers between 1 and 100 (both inclusive).

If 5 divides 7 m + 7 n 7^m + 7^n , then find the number of ordered pairs ( m , n ) (m,n) .


The answer is 2500.

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1 solution

Tapas Mazumdar
Jan 15, 2017

Observe the following

  • 7 a 7^a ends in 7 7 if a = 4 k + 1 a = 4k+1 for k N k \in \mathbb{N} .
  • 7 a 7^a ends in 9 9 if a = 4 k + 2 a = 4k+2 for k N k \in \mathbb{N} .
  • 7 a 7^a ends in 3 3 if a = 4 k + 3 a = 4k+3 for k N k \in \mathbb{N} .
  • 7 a 7^a ends in 1 1 if a = 4 k a = 4k for k N k \in \mathbb{N} .

We know that the divisibility rule for 5 5 requires the number to have a 0 0 or a 5 5 in its unit's place. Therefore, such combinations of powers of 7 7 that we can have is

  • 7 4 k + 1 + 7 4 k + 3 7^{4k+1} + 7^{4k+3} ending with 0 0 .
  • 7 4 k + 2 + 7 4 k 7^{4k+2} + 7^{4k} ending with 0 0 .

Now

  • For m = 4 k + 1 m=4k+1 , we get 25 25 values for m m from 1 1 to 97 97 and for n = 4 k + 3 n=4k+3 , we get 25 25 values for n n from 3 3 to 99 99 .
  • For m = 4 k + 2 m=4k+2 , we get 25 25 values for m m from 2 2 to 98 98 and for n = 4 k n=4k , we get 25 25 values for n n from 4 4 to 100 100 .

So the number of possible pairs for m m and n n in each case is 25 25 = 625 25 \cdot 25 = 625 . And thus the total of both the cases is 625 2 = 1250 625 \cdot 2 = 1250 .

Also, since the pairs are ordered, therefore each pair ( i , j ) (i,j) in this case has another alike pair ( j , i ) (j,i) (note that all ordered pairs will have distinct members since we can never have i = j i = j ). Thus the total number of pairs comes out to be 1250 2 = 2500 1250 \cdot 2 = \boxed{2500} .

Nice bro BTW same kind of question came in IIT JEE but it was from probability.

Sahil Silare - 4 years, 4 months ago

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