How many solution?

Algebra Level 3

x 2 + y 2 + z 2 + 4 = x y + 3 y + 2 z \large x^2+y^2+z^2+4=xy+3y+2z

How many real solutions for ( x , y , z ) (x,y,z) are there satisfying the above statement?


The answer is 1.

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1 solution

Sharky Kesa
Jul 16, 2017

This was a straightforward complete the square problem.

x 2 + y 2 + z 2 + 4 = x y + 3 y + 2 z x 2 x y + 1 4 y 2 + 3 4 y 2 3 y + 3 + z 2 2 z + 1 = 0 ( x 1 2 y ) 2 + 3 4 ( y 2 ) 2 + ( z 1 ) 2 = 0 \begin{aligned} x^2+y^2+z^2+4 &= xy+3y+2z\\ x^2-xy+\frac{1}{4}y^2 + \frac{3}{4} y^2 - 3y + 3 + z^2 - 2z + 1 &= 0\\ \left ( x - \frac{1}{2}y \right )^2 + \frac{3}{4}(y-2)^2 + (z-1)^2 &= 0 \end{aligned}

Since squares are nonnegative, it follows that ( x , y , z ) = ( 1 , 2 , 1 ) (x,y,z)=(1,2,1) , and this is the only solution. Thus, there is one solution only.

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