How many special triangles?

Geometry Level 2

How many triangles with a = 5 , c = 11 , α = 3 0 a = 5, c = 11, \alpha = 30^{\circ} are there? ( α \alpha is the angle opposite to the side a a )

Infinitely many 2 0 1

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2 solutions

Julian Yu
Apr 18, 2018

Let γ \gamma be the angle opposite c c . The sine rule tells us that 5 sin 30 = 11 sin γ \frac{5}{\sin{30}}=\frac{11}{\sin{\gamma}} , or that sin γ = 11 10 \sin{\gamma}=\frac{11}{10} , which is impossible as the range of the sine function is [ 1 , 1 ] [-1,1] .

With the third side length being b b , the cosine rule a 2 = b 2 + c 2 2 b c cos ( α ) a^{2} = b^{2} + c^{2} - 2bc\cos(\alpha) gives us that

5 2 = b 2 + 1 1 2 22 b cos ( 3 0 ) b 2 11 3 b + 96 = 0 5^{2} = b^{2} + 11^{2} - 22b\cos(30^{\circ}) \Longrightarrow b^{2} - 11\sqrt{3}b + 96 = 0 .

By the quadratic formula this has solutions b = 11 3 ± ( 11 3 ) 2 4 × 96 2 = 11 3 ± i 21 2 b = \dfrac{11\sqrt{3} \pm \sqrt{(11\sqrt{3})^{2} - 4 \times 96}}{2} = \dfrac{11\sqrt{3} \pm i\sqrt{21}}{2} ,

neither of which is real, i.e., the number of triangles is 0 \boxed{0} .

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