Hyperbola and the directix

Geometry Level pending

As shown above, the hyperbola has the equation: x 2 a 2 y 2 b 2 = 1 ( a > 0 , b > 0 ) \dfrac{x^2}{a^2}-\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}=1\ (a>0, b>0) , and its focus is F ( c , 0 ) F(c,0) . Line l l intersects with the left part of the hyperbola at point A A , right part at point B B .

Line x = a 2 c x=\dfrac{a^2}{c} is the directix of the hyperbola. If l l intersects with the directix with point C C , given that B F C = 30 ° \angle BFC=30 \degree , what is A F B \angle AFB in degrees?

Bonus: Prove your conjecture.


The answer is 60.

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1 solution

Mark Hennings
Apr 22, 2020

Suppose that A , B A,B have coordinates ( a cosh u , b sinh u ) (-a\cosh u,b\sinh u) and ( a cosh v , b sinh v ) (a\cosh v,b\sinh v) respectively, It is a standard calculation that F A = a ( e cosh u + 1 ) F B = a ( e cosh v 1 ) FA \; = \; a(e\cosh u + 1) \hspace{2cm} FB \; = \; a(e\cosh v - 1) where e e is the eccentricity of the hyperbola. Let C C be the point of intersection of the line segment A B AB with the angle bisector of A F B \angle AFB . Then we now that C C divides the line A B AB in the ratio A C : C B = A F : F B AC \,:\, CB \; = \; AF\,:\, FB Thus O C = F B F A + F B O A + F A F A + F B O B \overrightarrow{OC} \; = \; \frac{FB}{FA+FB}\overrightarrow{OA} + \frac{FA}{FA+FB}\overrightarrow{OB} and so, in particular, the x x -coordinate of C C is e cosh v 1 e ( cosh u + cosh v ) ( a cosh u ) + e cosh u + 1 e ( cosh u + cosh v ) a cosh v = a e 1 \frac{e\cosh v - 1}{e(\cosh u + \cosh v)}(-a\cosh u) + \frac{e\cosh u + 1}{e(\cosh u + \cosh v)} a \cosh v \; = \; ae^{-1} so that C C lies on the directrix of the hyperbola that is closer to F F .

Thus, in this case, we must have A F C = C F B = 3 0 \angle AFC = \angle CFB = 30^\circ , and hence A F B = 6 0 \angle AFB = \boxed{60^\circ} .

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