Hyperboloid of one sheet as a ruled surface

Calculus Level 4

Consider the hyperboloid of one sheet given by

x 2 4 + y 2 25 z 2 9 = 1 \dfrac{x^2}{4} + \dfrac{y^2}{25} - \dfrac{z^2}{9} = 1

One of the properties of the surface of a hyperboloid of one sheet is that it is a ruled surface, which means that for any point on the surface there exists a straight line passing through the point and fully contained in the surface. To verify this, a point on the given hyperboloid surface is p 0 = ( 2 2 , 5 3 , 6 ) \mathbf{p}_0 = ( 2 \sqrt{2}, 5 \sqrt{3}, 6 ) . Find two distinct lines passing through p 0 \mathbf{p}_0 and fully contained in the hyperboloid surface. Enter the sum of the angles (in degrees) that the two lines make with the horizontal plane (the x y xy plane).


The answer is 79.038.

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1 solution

Yuriy Kazakov
May 23, 2021

Find points A , B A,B from system

f ( x , y , z ) = x 2 4 + y 2 25 z 2 9 1 = 0 f(x,y,z)=\frac{x^2}{4}+ \frac{y^2}{25}- \frac{z^2}{9}-1=0

z = 0 z=0

f x ( P 0 ) ( x P 0 x ) + f y ( P 0 ) ( y P 0 y ) + f z ( P 0 ) ( z P 0 z ) = 0 f_x(P_0)(x-P_{0x})+f_y(P_0)(y-P_{0y})+f_z(P_0)(z-P_{0z})=0 - tangent plane in P 0 P_0

P 0 = ( 2 2 , 5 3 , 6 ) P_0=(2 \sqrt{2}, 5 \sqrt{3}, 6)

Here

x A = 2 5 ( 2 2 3 ) , y A = 2 2 + 3 , z A = 0 x_A = \frac{2}{5} (\sqrt{2} - 2 \sqrt{3}), y_A = 2 \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{3}, z_A = 0

x B = 2 5 ( 2 + 2 3 ) , y B = 2 2 + 3 , z B = 0 x_B = \frac{2}{5} (\sqrt{2} + 2 \sqrt{3}), y_B = -2 \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{3}, z_B = 0

And next find angles

P 0 A P p \angle P_0AP_p and P 0 B P p \angle P_0BP_p , P p = ( 2 2 , 5 3 , 0 ) P_p=(2 \sqrt{2}, 5 \sqrt{3}, 0) .

First way

c o s P 0 A P p = A P 0 A P p A P 0 A P p \ cos \angle P_0AP_p = \frac {AP_0 \cdot AP_p }{\mid AP_0 \mid \cdot \mid AP_p \mid }

c o s P 0 B P p = B P 0 B P p B P 0 B P p \ cos \angle P_0BP_p = \frac {BP_0 \cdot BP_p }{\mid BP_0 \mid \cdot \mid BP_p \mid }

or second way from triangles P 0 A P p , P 0 B P p P_0AP_p, P_0BP_p

A P 0 sin P 0 A P p = P 0 P p = 6 AP_0 \cdot \sin \angle P_0AP_p=P_0 P_p=6

B P 0 sin P 0 B P p = P 0 P p = 6 BP_0 \cdot \sin \angle P_0BP_p=P_0 P_p=6

Find angles

Wolfram 1

P 0 A P p = 31.49 ° \angle P_0AP_p=31.49 \degree

Wolfram 2

P 0 B P p = 47.55 ° \angle P_0BP_p=47.55 \degree

Answer 79.04 ° 79.04 \degree .

P.S. GEOGEBRA 3D

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