'Ln'tegral

Calculus Level 3

0 2 π ln ( 1 cos x ) d x = ? \int_0^{2\pi}\ln(1-\cos x)\ dx=?


The answer is -4.355.

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1 solution

Chew-Seong Cheong
Jun 14, 2018

I = 0 2 π ln ( 1 cos x ) d x Since cos x is symmetrical about π . = 2 0 π ln ( 1 cos x ) d x Using a b f ( x ) d x = a b f ( a + b x ) d x = 0 π ( ln ( 1 cos x ) + ln ( 1 + cos x ) ) d x = 0 π ln ( 1 cos 2 x ) d x Note that cos 2 θ = 1 + cos ( 2 θ ) 2 = 0 π ln ( 1 cos 2 x 2 ) d x = 0 π ( ln ( 1 cos 2 x ) ln 2 ) d x Let θ = 2 x d θ = 2 d x = 1 2 0 2 π ln ( 1 cos θ ) d θ 0 π ln 2 d x = 1 2 I π ln 2 = 2 π ln 2 4.355 \begin{aligned} I & = \int_0^{2\pi} \ln (1-\cos x)\ dx & \small \color{#3D99F6} \text{Since }\cos x \text{ is symmetrical about }\pi. \\ & = 2 \int_0^\pi \ln (1-\cos x)\ dx & \small \color{#3D99F6} \text{Using }\int_a^b f(x) \ dx = \int_a^b f(a+b-x) \ dx \\ & = \int_0^\pi \left(\ln (1-\cos x)+ \ln (1+\cos x)\right) dx \\ & = \int_0^\pi \ln (1-\cos^2 x)\ dx & \small \color{#3D99F6} \text{Note that }\cos^2 \theta = \frac {1+\cos (2\theta)}2 \\ & = \int_0^\pi \ln \left(\frac {1-\cos 2x}2 \right) dx \\ & = \int_0^\pi \left(\ln(1-\cos 2x) - \ln 2 \right) dx & \small \color{#3D99F6} \text{Let }\theta = 2x \implies d\theta = 2\ dx \\ & = \frac 12 \int_0^{2\pi} \ln(1-\cos \theta) \ d\theta - \int_0^\pi \ln 2 \ dx \\ & = \frac 12 I - \pi \ln 2 \\ & = - 2 \pi \ln 2 \approx \boxed{-4.355} \end{aligned}

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