I have the negatives, you can find the positive

Geometry Level 2

Which of the following is a positive number?

cos 570 { \cos { 570 } }^{ \circ } tan 960 { \tan { 960 } }^{ \circ } cot 1200 { \cot { 1200 } }^{ \circ } sin 1290 { \sin1290 }^{ \circ }

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8 solutions

Lew Sterling Jr
Jun 19, 2015

Rule of 360 degrees:

Michael Fuller
Jun 17, 2015

Firstly, sin x ° \sin { x° } is positive if 0 ° < x ( m o d 360 ) < 180 ° 0°<x\quad\left( mod\quad 360 \right) <180° . As 1290 ° ( m o d 360 ) = 210 ° 1290°\quad\left( mod\quad 360 \right)=210° , sin 1290 ° \sin { 1290° } is negative.

Secondly, cot x ° \cot { x° } is positive if tan x ° \tan { x° } is positive, and this is positive if 0 ° < x ( m o d 180 ) < 90 ° 0°<x\quad\left( mod\quad 180 \right) <90° , which is not the case here as 1200 ° ( m o d 180 ) = 120 ° 1200°\quad\left( mod\quad 180 \right)=120° .

Thirdly, cos x ° \cos { x° } is positive in the ranges 0 ° < x ( m o d 360 ) 90 ° 0°<x\quad\left( mod\quad 360 \right) \le 90° and 270 ° < x ( m o d 360 ) 360 ° 270°<x\quad\left( mod\quad 360 \right) \le 360° , but 570 ° ( m o d 360 ) = 210 ° 570°\quad\left( mod\quad 360 \right)=210° and is therefore negative.

This leaves us with tan 960 ° \large \color{#20A900}{\boxed{\tan { 960° }}} as the answer, but for the record, 960 ° ( m o d 180 ) = 60 ° 960°\quad\left( mod\quad 180 \right)=60° and is therefore positive.

Anindya Mahajan
Jun 17, 2015

We know that sin is positive in I and II quadrants, cos in I and IV quadrants and tan (and hence cot) in I and III quadrants. Also, we can 'reduce' the angles greater than 360 deg to fall within the principal range (0 to 360 deg) by dividing the given measure by 360 and taking its remainder as the new angle. In the choices given with the question, only tan 960 deg is positive because 960/360=(2*360)+240 which means that tan 960=tan 240 and as we know that 240 deg falls in the III quadrant, the tan function of any such angle is also positive.

Moderator note:

You should also show how the other choices lead to a negative value.

Muhammad Abdullah
Jun 21, 2015

Take out 360 as many as possible and then see the remaining number and use the following parameter,

  1. If the angle lies in 1st Quadrant i.e.; 0 to 90 All trigonometric functions are positive,
  2. If the angle lies in 2nd Quadrant i.e; 91 to 180 Only Sin Function is positive and rest are negative
  3. If it lies in 3rd i.e.; 181 to 270 Only Tangent Function is positive (of-course Cotangent will also be +ve)
  4. If angle lies in 4th quadrant i.e.; 271 to 359; Only Cosine functions are positive,

So in case 1 that is 1290, Take out as many 360 as possible and the remaining digit that is left is 210 that lies in 3rd quadrant where only Tangent is positive so it will be negative,

In case 2 the left over digit is 240 that again is in 3rd Quadrant where Tangent is the only positive function so it'll be positive and hence you reached the anwser in 2nd option

Dillon Chew
Jun 12, 2015

Convert all to 0<x<360. tan960 = tan 240 (+ve)

Moderator note:

Ideally, you should state that the tangent of an angle in the third quadrant is positive. And you should show that the other answer choices yields a negative value.

For a fraction to be positive, the numerator and denominator must be either both positive or negative. By the ASTC rule (Quadrant I - everything is positive; Quadrant II: Sine is positive; Quadrant III: Tan is positive; Quadrant IV: Cosine is positive), it can be seen that in quadrants II and IV, one of sin or cosine is positive, while the other is negative. This would yield a negative sine value, which is sin/cos. Another way to think about this would be in the case of a unit circle, in which case the sin value can be shown as the y-value while the cos value can be shown as the x-value. In the first quadrant, {x, y} will both be positive. In the second, x would be negative while y would still be positive - hence why sin is positive in the second quadrant (ASTC rule once again). In the third quadrant, x and y are both negative, leading to negative sine and cosine values, resulting in a positive tangent value. As for the fourth quadrant, the x value would be positive while y, negative, hence a positive cosine value and negative sine value!

Tony Chen - 5 years, 12 months ago

All functions are positive in the first quadrant; Only Sin functions are positive in the second quadrant; Tan functions are positive in the third quadrant and Cos functions are positive in the fourth quadrant... 960 will lie in the third quadrant where only tan is positive...

Shaun Radgowski
Jun 20, 2015

All Students Take Calculus! All, Sine, Tangent, Cosine - Which function(s) is/are positive in all four quadrants, including their reciprocals.

Mandy Messenger
Jun 20, 2015

tan 960 = tan 240 which is between 180 and 270 and thus positive.

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