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Calculus Level 5

Let P n = 1 n + 1 3 n 3 + 1 5 n 5 + 1 7 n 7 + \mathfrak P_n=\dfrac 1n+\dfrac{1}{3n^3}+\dfrac{1}{5n^5}+\dfrac{1}{7n^7} + \cdots .

If the value of n = 2 99 2 P n \displaystyle\sum_{n=2}^{99} 2\mathfrak{P}_n is equal to ln α \ln\alpha , find α \alpha .


Try the Part-1 here .


The answer is 4950.

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4 solutions

By Maclaurin series , we have:

ln ( 1 + x 1 x ) = 2 x + 2 x 3 3 + 2 x 5 5 + 2 x 7 7 + . . . 1 2 ln ( 1 + x 1 x ) = x + x 3 3 + x 5 5 + x 7 7 + . . . n = 2 99 2 P n = n = 2 99 ln ( 1 + 1 n 1 1 n ) = n = 2 99 ln ( n + 1 n 1 ) = n = 2 99 ( ln ( n + 1 ) ln ( n 1 ) ) = n = 3 100 ln n n = 1 98 ln n = ln 99 + ln 100 ln 1 ln 2 = ln ( 9900 2 ) = ln 4950 \begin{aligned} \ln \left(\frac{1+x}{1-x}\right) & = 2x + \frac{2x^3}{3} + \frac{2x^5}{5} + \frac{2x^7}{7} + ... \\ \frac{1}{2} \ln \left(\frac{1+x}{1-x}\right) & = x + \frac{x^3}{3} + \frac{x^5}{5} + \frac{x^7}{7} + ... \\ \implies \sum_{n=2}^{99} 2 \mathfrak P_n & = \sum_{n=2}^{99} \ln \left(\frac{1+\frac{1}{n}}{1-\frac{1}{n}}\right) \\ & = \sum_{n=2}^{99} \ln \left(\frac{n+1}{n-1}\right) \\ & = \sum_{n=2}^{99} \left(\ln(n+1)-\ln(n-1)\right) \\ & = \sum_{n=3}^{100} \ln n - \sum_{n=1}^{98} \ln n \\ & = \ln 99 + \ln 100 - \ln 1 - \ln 2 \\ & = \ln \left(\frac{9900}{2}\right) = \ln 4950 \end{aligned}

α = 4950 \implies \alpha = \boxed{4950}

Ya... Exactly the intended solution...Nice (+1)... Just a typo in second last line!

Rishabh Jain - 5 years, 1 month ago

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Yes, a typo, changed it.

Chew-Seong Cheong - 5 years, 1 month ago
Prakhar Bindal
Jun 6, 2016

Write given series as integral from 0 to 1/n of (1+x^2 + x^4............)dx

Use formula of infinite Geometric progression as x<1 and then integrate to get the sum as 1/2 [ ln(n+1)-ln(n-1) ]

Then to evaluate final answer use telescoping product

I integrated -(1/n^2 + 1/n^4 + 1/n^6 +...) and took the constant of integration as zero due to cognitive bias, so that I can arrive at the mentioned expression. Do I need to worry about the constant of integration here?

Yep, you have to.

Aditya Sky - 4 years, 9 months ago

Integrate it with upper bound say, k and lower bound 0

Zhang Xiaokang - 1 year, 5 months ago
Suneesh Jacob
May 9, 2016

python code:

    import cmath as m
    def fun(x):
        return ((m.log(1+(1/x)))-(m.log(1-(1/x))))/2

    sum=0
    for i in range(2,100):
        sum=sum+2*fun(i)

    print(str(m.exp(sum.real)))

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