I see no connection

Algebra Level 5

Let a , b , c a,b,c be distinct positive integers. Determine the minimum value of

a 3 + b 3 + c 3 3 a b c \frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{3} - abc


The answer is 6.

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2 solutions

Daniel Liu
Feb 5, 2015

First, we notice that a 3 + b 3 + c 3 3 a b c = ( a + b + c ) ( a 2 + b 2 + c 2 a b b c c a ) 3 \dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{3}-abc=\dfrac{(a+b+c)(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca)}{3}

In order to minimize this expression, let's first see what we must do to minimize a 2 + b 2 + c 2 a b b c c a a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca (it's clear that to minimize a + b + c a+b+c we want a , b , c a,b,c as small as possible).

Now, WLOG let a < b < c a < b < c . This means a = b m a=b-m and c = b + n c=b+n .

Plugging these substitutions in the second part that we wanted to minimize, we see that a 2 + b 2 + c 2 a b b c c a = m 2 + m n + n 2 a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=m^2+mn+n^2 which is minimized when m , n m,n are minimized. Thus, m = n = 1 m=n=1 .

Now we know that the three variables are in fact b 1 , b , b + 1 b-1,b,b+1 , so it remains to minimize b 1 + b + b + 1 = 3 b b-1+b+b+1=3b . But this is done by minimizing b b , which has a minimum of b = 2 b=2 (since b 1 b-1 is a positive integer).

Thus, our expression attains minimum at ( a , b , c ) = ( 1 , 2 , 3 ) (a,b,c)=(1,2,3) which gives a minimum of 1 3 + 2 3 + 3 3 3 ( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 3 ) = 6 \dfrac{1^3+2^3+3^3}{3}-(1)(2)(3)=\boxed{6}

I believe there was a typo, and it should say non-negative integers. In that case, we have b = 1 b=1 which gives ( a , b , c ) = ( 0 , 1 , 2 ) (a,b,c)=(0,1,2) which gives a minimum of 0 3 + 1 3 + 2 3 3 ( 0 ) ( 1 ) ( 2 ) = 3 \dfrac{0^3+1^3+2^3}{3}-(0)(1)(2)=\boxed{3}

Note: The condition is pretty much useless, because the smallest possible values of a , b , c a,b,c gives a b + b c + c a = ( 0 ) ( 1 ) + ( 1 ) ( 2 ) + ( 2 ) ( 0 ) = 2 2 ab+bc+ca=(0)(1)+(1)(2)+(2)(0)=2\ge 2

Oops. sorry for that. Can @Calvin Lin change the answer to 6?

Christopher Boo - 6 years, 4 months ago

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Thanks. I have updated the answer accordingly.

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Calvin Lin Staff - 6 years, 4 months ago

il fallait mentionner que a,b,c sont des non-zéros ,daniel liu a raison

Omar El Mokhtar - 6 years, 4 months ago
Baby Googa
Feb 11, 2015

lol the answer is what you get when you pick the three smallest numbers possible. 1,2,and 3.

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