Identify the similarity

Chemistry Level 1

Using only silver mirror test, can you identify aldehyde formic H C H O HCHO with formic acid H C O O H HCOOH ? If yes, please explain.

Not sure No Yes

This section requires Javascript.
You are seeing this because something didn't load right. We suggest you, (a) try refreshing the page, (b) enabling javascript if it is disabled on your browser and, finally, (c) loading the non-javascript version of this page . We're sorry about the hassle.

2 solutions

Shivansh Kate
Jun 16, 2020

As we use Tollens test for identification among HCHO and HCOOH they get oxidised and convert into higher oxidation state. In HCOOH it get oxidised into CO2 . As the evolution of CO2 ,we passed it through CaCO3 solution and the sol. turns milky which shows that HCOOH get oxidised and HCHO get oxidised into HCOOH .

Charley Shi
Apr 23, 2020

Tollen's reagent will oxidise aldehydes such as HCHO \text{HCHO} . Carboxylic acids like formic acid cannot be oxidised, so silver mirror will form in HCHO \text{HCHO} but not with HCOOH \text{HCOOH} . The methanal is oxidised by Tollen's reagent to methanoic (formic) acid.

Your explanation is wrong. Acetic acid can react with Tollen's reagent.

Anh Khoa Nguyễn Ngọc - 1 year, 1 month ago

How can it react? Can you explain.

Charley Shi - 1 year, 1 month ago

HCOOH + 2AgNO3 + 4NH3 + H2O -> 2Ag + 2NH4NO3 + (NH4)2CO3

Anh Khoa Nguyễn Ngọc - 1 year, 1 month ago

If it can react, then why is the answer 'Yes'. You just showed that we can't distinguish the two.

Charley Shi - 1 year, 1 month ago

It acts like this:

Take H C H O HCHO and H C O O H HCOOH , each of them 1 mol, react with excess amount of Tollen's reagent:

HCOOH + 2AgNO3 + 4NH3 + H2O -> 2Ag + 2NH4NO3 + (NH4)2CO3

HCHO + 4AgNO3 + 6NH3 + 2H2O -> 4Ag + 4NH4NO3 + (NH4)2CO3

It showed that we can distinguish two of them by carefully measure the amount of silver produced in two reactions, if one of them is twice the another, it is H C H O HCHO .

The tricky thing here is you cannot identify them by only watching the reactions or the products, you should also notice about the quantity of the products as well.

Anh Khoa Nguyễn Ngọc - 1 year, 1 month ago

Thank you for the solution. I only had high school chemistry knowledge so I had not learnt about this.

Charley Shi - 1 year, 1 month ago

0 pending reports

×

Problem Loading...

Note Loading...

Set Loading...