An ideal spring with spring-constant k is hung from the ceiling and a block of mass M is attached to its lower end. The mass is released with the spring initially unstreched. Then the maximum extension in the spring is
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for maximum extension work done = 0 (as initial K.E = final K.E ) . Hence Mgx - 1/2(k*xsquare) = 0. so value of x( maximum extension) comes out to be = 2Mg/k