x 4 − 5 x 3 + 5 x 2 + 5 x − 6 = 0
The product of two of the real roots of the quartic equation above is 3. Find the smallest of the four real roots.
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You can continue finding the linear factors of x 3 − 4 x 2 + x + 6 by using rational root theorem .
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Yep, but I'm just using whatever that's been given to us to solve this
Observe the title. This is the inspiration for my factorisation.
x 4 − 5 x 3 + 5 x 2 + 5 x − 6 = 0 x 4 − 5 x 3 + 6 x 2 − x 2 + 5 x − 6 = 0 ( x 2 − 5 x + 6 ) ( x 2 − 1 ) = 0 ( x + 1 ) ( x − 1 ) ( x − 2 ) ( x − 3 ) = 0 Clearly, the smallest root is -1.
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x 4 − 5 x 3 + 5 x 2 + 5 x − 6 = 0
Notice that the sum of coefficients = 1 − 5 + 5 + 5 − 6 = 0
Therefore, we can say that x = 1 is a root of the equation. Factorize it out:
x 4 − x 3 − 4 x 3 + 4 x 2 + x 2 − x + 6 x − 6 = 0 x 3 ( x − 1 ) − 4 x 2 ( x − 1 ) + x ( x − 1 ) + 6 ( x − 1 ) = 0 ( x − 1 ) ( x 3 − 4 x 2 + x + 6 ) = 0
Now, it is given that the product of two of the real roots of the equation is 3 . We can guess that x = 3 is another root of the equation since 1 × 3 = 3 . We verify this:
3 3 − 4 ( 3 ) 2 + 3 + 6 = 2 7 − 3 6 + 3 + 6 = 0
Factorize it out:
( x − 1 ) ( x 3 − 3 x 2 − x 2 + 3 x − 2 x + 6 ) = 0 ( x − 1 ) ( x 2 ( x − 3 ) − x ( x − 3 ) − 2 ( x − 3 ) ) = 0 ( x − 1 ) ( x − 3 ) ( x 2 − x − 2 ) = 0 ( x − 1 ) ( x − 3 ) ( x 2 − 2 x + x − 2 ) = 0 ( x − 1 ) ( x − 3 ) ( x ( x − 2 ) + 1 ( x − 2 ) ) = 0 ( x − 1 ) ( x − 3 ) ( x − 2 ) ( x + 1 ) = 0
The roots are: x = 1 , 2 , 3 , − 1 . The smallest root is x = − 1