random draws are made from the set
containing
elements.
Let be the probability that the sequence
occurs in that order in the chosen sequence. If can be expressed as , find .
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C U B A J U L Y 1 9 8 7 c a n b e o b t a i n e d o n t h e 1 s t t o 1 2 t h d r a w s , 2 n d t o 1 3 t h d r a w s , 3 r d t o 1 4 t h d r a w s , . . . , a n d 1 7 t h t o 2 8 t h d r a w s . T h e n u m b e r o f C U B A J U L Y 1 9 8 7 t h a t c a n a p p e a r i n t h e s e q u e n c e i s a t m o s t 2 . A s s u m i n g t h a t t h e 2 s e t s o f C U B A J U L Y 1 9 8 7 , i f t h e r e a r e 2 s e t s i n t h e s e q u e n c e , a r e d i s t i n c t , t h e r e a r e 1 7 × 2 0 1 6 w a y s s u c h t h a t t h e r e i s a t l e a s t o n e s e t o f C U B A J U L Y 1 9 8 7 p r e s e n t i n t h e s e q u e n c e . ( 1 7 f r o m t h e 1 7 " s p o t s " t h a t t h e 1 s t C U B A J U L Y 1 9 8 7 c a n o c c u p y a n d 2 0 1 6 f o r t h e r e m a i n i n g " s p o t s " ) H o w e v e r , i n t h e 1 7 × 2 0 1 6 s u c h w a y s , e a c h c a s e w h e r e t h e r e a r e 2 s e t s o f C U B A J U L Y 1 9 8 7 i s c o u n t e d t w i c e a n d s o t h e t o t a l n u m b e r o f c a s e s w h e r e t h e r e a r e 2 s e t s o f C U B A J U L Y 1 9 8 7 m u s t b e s u b t r a c t e d t o t h e 1 7 × 2 0 1 6 w a y s t o g e t t h e t o t a l n u m b e r o f w a y s s u c h t h a t C U B A J U L Y 1 9 8 7 a p p e a r s i n t h e s e q u e n c e . T h e t o t a l n u m b e r o f c a s e s w h e r e t h e r e a r e 2 s e t s o f C U B A J U L Y 1 9 8 7 p r e s e n t i s 1 5 × 2 0 4 . ( 1 5 f r o m t h e t o t a l n u m b e r o f " s p o t s " t h e 2 s e t s c a n o c c u p y a n d 2 0 4 f o r t h e r e m a i n i n g " s p o t s " ) S o , t h e t o t a l n u m b e r o f w a y s s u c h t h a t C U B A J U L Y 1 9 8 7 o c c u r s i n t h e s e q u e n c e i s 1 7 × 2 0 1 6 − 1 5 × 2 0 4 . T h e t o t a l n u m b e r o f s e q u e n c e s p o s s i b l e i s 2 0 2 8 . T h u s , t h e p r o b a b i l i t y t h a t C U B A J U L Y 1 9 8 7 o c c u r s i n t h e s e q u e n c e i s 2 0 2 8 1 7 × 2 0 1 6 − 1 5 × 2 0 4 . T h e r e f o r e , a + b + c + d + e + f = 1 7 + 2 0 + 1 6 + 1 5 + 4 + 2 8 = 1 0 0 .