in right triangle

Geometry Level 3

A B C ABC is a right triangle with B = 9 0 \angle B = 90^\circ . If the minimum value of

A B + B C C A \frac {|AB|+|BC|}{|CA|}

is m m , find m 2 m^2 .


The answer is 2.

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2 solutions

Let A B = c , B C = a |\overline {AB}|=c, |\overline {BC}|=a . Then A C = a 2 + c 2 |\overline {AC}|=\sqrt {a^2+c^2} . Since a , c a, c are positive reals, we apply the R. M. S. - A. M. inequality to get a 2 + c 2 2 a + c 2 a + c a 2 + c 2 2 \sqrt {\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{2}}\geq \dfrac{a+c}{2}\implies \dfrac{a+c}{\sqrt {a^2+c^2}}\leq \sqrt 2 . Hence m = 2 m 2 = 2 m=\sqrt 2\implies m^2=\boxed 2 . There arises a confusion with the symbols the author of this problem used. By a b ab he didn't mean a × b a\times b , but A B |\overline {AB}| . Similar for others.

Let C A = 1 |CA|=1 and A = θ \angle A = \theta . Then A B = cos θ |AB|=\cos \theta and B C = sin θ |BC|=\sin \theta and

A B + B C C A = cos θ + sin θ 1 = 2 sin ( θ + π 4 ) 2 Since 1 sin ϕ 1 \begin{aligned} \frac {|AB|+|BC|}{|CA|} & = \frac {\cos \theta + \sin \theta}1 = \sqrt 2 \blue{\sin \left(\theta + \frac \pi4\right)} \le \sqrt 2 & \small \blue{\text{Since }-1 \le \sin \phi \le 1} \end{aligned}

Therefore, m 2 = 2 m^2 = \boxed 2 .

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