Incenter and a half

Geometry Level 4

Take an isosceles triangle and its inradius r 1 r_{1} .

Split the triangle by its altitude. The inradius of one of these smaller triangles is r 2 r_{2} .

If r 1 r 2 \frac{r_{1}}{r_{2}} = 3 2 \frac{3}{2} what is the ratio of base to height in the original triangle?


The answer is 1.5.

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1 solution

Aareyan Manzoor
Feb 25, 2018

let the sides be a , a , b a,a,b . the height of the triangle would then be ( a 2 b 2 / 4 ) \sqrt(a^2-b^2/4) . using r s = A r 1 2 a + b 2 = b h 2 , r 2 a + b / 2 + c 2 = b h 4 2 a + b a + b / 2 + c r 1 r 2 = 2 r 1 r 2 = 2 a + b + 2 h 2 a + b = 1 + 2 h 2 a + b rs=A\to r_1\dfrac{2a+b}{2}=\dfrac{bh}{2},r_2\dfrac{a+b/2+c}{2}=\dfrac{bh}{4}\\ \to \dfrac{2a+b}{a+b/2+c} \dfrac{r_1}{r_2} =2\to\dfrac{r_1}{r_2}=\dfrac{2a+b+2h}{2a+b}=1+\dfrac{2h}{2a+b} for the sake of generalization, lets say the ratio of inradius is \dfrac{\gamma), then ( γ 1 ) ( 2 a + b ) = 2 h 2 ( γ 1 ) a = 2 h ( γ 1 ) b ( γ 1 ) b 2 + 4 h 2 = 2 h ( γ 1 ) b (\gamma-1)(2a+b)=2h\to 2(\gamma-1)a=2h-(\gamma-1)b\to (\gamma-1) \sqrt{b^2+4h^2}=2h-(\gamma-1)b let k be the ratio of base to hieght, then ( γ 1 ) 2 ( k 2 + 4 ) = 4 4 ( γ 1 ) k + ( γ 1 ) 2 k 2 4 γ ( γ 2 ) = 4 ( γ 1 ) k k = γ ( 2 γ ) γ 1 (\gamma-1)^2(k^2+4)=4-4(\gamma-1)k+(\gamma-1)^2 k^2\to 4\gamma(\gamma-2)=-4(\gamma-1) k\to k = \boxed{\dfrac{\gamma(2-\gamma)}{\gamma-1}} for γ = 3 / 2 \gamma=3/2 the answer follows.

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