Inclined tangents

Geometry Level pending

Find the maximum angle in degrees between the tangents to the ellipse x 2 25 + y 2 16 = 1 \dfrac {x^2}{25}+\dfrac {y^2}{16}=1 at the extremities of the focal chord


The answer is 61.927.

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1 solution

Let one extremity of a focal chord of the ellipse be at ( h , k ) (h, k) . Then the other extremity will be at ( 75 17 h 17 3 h , 8 k 17 3 h ) \left (\dfrac {75-17h}{17-3h},-\dfrac {8k}{17-3h}\right ) .

Slopes of the tangents at these points are 16 h 25 k -\dfrac {16h}{25k} and 2 ( 75 17 h ) 25 k \dfrac {2(75-17h)}{25k} .

The tangent of the angle between these two lines is

tan α = 16 h 25 k 150 34 h 25 k 1 16 h 25 k × 150 34 h 25 k \tan α=\dfrac{-\frac{16h}{25k}-\frac{150-34h}{25k}}{1-\frac{16h}{25k}\times \frac{150-34h}{25k}}

= 75 k 8 ( 3 h 25 ) =\dfrac{75k}{8(3h-25)} .

Substituting the value of k k and simplifying we get the range of the ratio as 15 8 75 k 8 ( 3 h 25 ) 15 8 -\dfrac {15}{8}\leq \dfrac{75k}{8(3h-25)}\leq \dfrac{15}{8} .

Hence the required maximum value is 15 8 = 1.875 \dfrac{15}{8}=1.875\implies the maximum angle is tan 1 ( 1.875 ) 61.927 ° \tan^{-1} (1.875)\approx 61.927\degree .

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