Inequality to be proved

Algebra Level 2

If a b = 1 ab=1 , then prove that a a 2 + 3 + b b 2 + 3 1 2 \dfrac a{a^2 +3} + \dfrac b{b^2+3} \le \dfrac 12 .


The answer is 0.5.

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3 solutions

Chew-Seong Cheong
Oct 18, 2019

a a 2 + 3 + b b 2 + 3 = a b a 2 b + 3 b + a b a b 2 + 3 a Given that a b = 1 = 1 a + 3 b + 1 b + 3 a = 1 a + b + b + b + 1 b + a + a + a By AM-GM inequality 1 4 b + 1 4 a = 1 2 = 0.5 Equality occurs when a = b = 1 \begin{aligned} \frac a{a^2+3} + \frac b{b^2+3} & = \frac {ab}{a^2b+3b} + \frac {ab}{ab^2+3a} & \small \blue{\text{Given that }ab = 1} \\ & = \frac 1{a+3b} + \frac 1{b+3a} \\ & = \frac 1{\blue{a+b+b+b}} + \frac 1{\blue{b+a+a+a}} & \small \blue{\text{By AM-GM inequality}} \\ & \le \frac 1{\blue{4\sqrt b}} + \frac 1{\blue{4 \sqrt a}} = \frac 12 = \boxed{0.5} & \small \blue{\text{Equality occurs when }a=b=1} \end{aligned}


Reference: AM-GM inequality

Substituting b = 1 a b=\dfrac{1}{a} in the given expression we see that the expression simplifies to 4 a 3 + 4 a 3 a 4 + 10 a 2 + 3 \dfrac{4a^3+4a}{3a^4+10a^2+3} . Applying the condition for optima we get that the expression attains a minimum at a = b = 1 a=b=-1 , the minimum value of the expression being 1 2 -\dfrac{1}{2} , and a maximum at a = b = 1 a=b=1 , the maximum being 1 2 \dfrac{1}{2}

Meenu Yadav
Oct 18, 2019

I tried it with MTH theorem and rearrangement but couldn't reach anywhere

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