( 1 + 3 + 1 2 ) ( 1 + 3 2 + 1 2 ) ( 1 + 3 3 + 1 2 ) ⋯ = ?
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Let,
A = ( 1 + 3 + 1 2 ) ( 1 + 3 2 + 1 2 ) ( 1 + 3 3 + 1 2 ) ⋯ ( 1 + 3 x + 1 2 )
For x = 1 we have
A = ( 1 + 3 + 1 2 )
A = 2 3 = 1 . 5
For x = 2 we have
A = ( 1 + 3 + 1 2 ) ( 1 + 3 2 + 1 2 )
A = 2 3 ⋅ 5 6
A = 5 9 = 1 . 8
For x = 3 we have
A = ( 1 + 3 + 1 2 ) ( 1 + 3 2 + 1 2 ) ( 1 + 3 3 + 1 2 )
A = 2 3 ⋅ 5 6 ⋅ 1 4 1 5
A = 1 4 2 7 = 1 . 9 2 9
For x = 4 we have
A = ( 1 + 3 + 1 2 ) ( 1 + 3 2 + 1 2 ) ( 1 + 3 3 + 1 2 ) ( 1 + 3 4 + 1 2 )
A = 2 3 ⋅ 5 6 ⋅ 1 4 1 5 ⋅ 4 1 4 2
A = 4 1 8 1 = 1 . 9 7 6
For x = 5 we have
A = ( 1 + 3 + 1 2 ) ( 1 + 3 2 + 1 2 ) ( 1 + 3 3 + 1 2 ) ( 1 + 3 4 + 1 2 ) ( 1 + 3 5 + 1 2 )
A = 2 3 ⋅ 5 6 ⋅ 1 4 1 5 ⋅ 4 1 4 2 ⋅ 1 2 2 1 2 3
A = 1 2 2 2 4 3 = 1 . 9 9 1 8
For x = 6 we have A = 1 . 9 9 7 3
For x = 7 we have A = 1 . 9 9 9 1
For x = 8 we have A = 1 . 9 9 9 7
For x = 9 we have A = 1 . 9 9 9 8 9 8
For x = 1 0 we have A = 1 . 9 9 9 9 6 6
So for x = ∞ we have A = 2
You have only shown that x = 1 0 yields A = 1 . 9 9 9 9 6 6 . That's not a good indication to prove that the limit approach 2.
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This infinite product can be written as
k = 1 ∏ ∞ ( 3 k + 1 3 k + 3 ) = k = 1 ∏ ∞ ( 3 k + 1 3 × ( 3 k − 1 + 1 ) ) .
We then have that each denominator cancels the ( 3 k − 1 + 1 ) term in the following fraction. For the N th partial product we are then left with the numerator 3 × 2 from the first term, N − 1 factors of 3 left over from the following N − 1 numerators, and the denominator of the last term, i.e.,
3 N + 1 2 × 3 × 3 N − 1 = 2 × 3 N + 1 3 N , which as N → ∞ goes to 2 ∗ 1 = 2 .