Infinite Sum from Radicals

Let rad ( n ) \text{rad}(n) be the product of distinct prime factors of n n . (For example, rad ( 20 ) = 2 5 = 10 \text{rad}(20)=2\cdot 5=10 since 20 = 2 2 5 20=2^2\cdot 5 ). Consider the set S = { n N rad ( n ) = 30 } \begin{aligned} S=\{n\in\mathbb{N}\mid \text{rad}(n)=30\} \end{aligned} and let T = n S 1 n 2 T=\displaystyle\sum_{n\in S}\dfrac{1}{n^2} . Find the value of 1 T \dfrac{1}{T} .


The answer is 576.

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1 solution

Daniel Liu
Aug 11, 2014

Note that rad ( n ) \text{rad}(n) basically means that the numbers only has 2 2 , 3 3 , and 5 5 as their prime factors. Thus the number is of the form 2 a 3 b 5 c 2^a\cdot 3^b\cdot 5^c .

We want to find the value of a = 1 b = 1 c = 1 1 ( 2 a 3 b 5 c ) 2 = a = 1 b = 1 c = 1 1 2 2 a 3 2 b 5 2 c \sum_{a=1}^{\infty} \sum_{b=1}^{\infty}\sum_{c=1}^{\infty}\dfrac{1}{(2^a\cdot 3^b\cdot 5^c)^2}=\sum_{a=1}^{\infty} \sum_{b=1}^{\infty}\sum_{c=1}^{\infty}\dfrac{1}{2^{2a}\cdot 3^{2b}\cdot 5^{2c}}

However, a = 1 b = 1 c = 1 1 2 2 a 3 2 b 5 2 c = ( a = 1 1 2 2 a ) ( b = 1 1 3 2 b ) ( c = 1 1 5 2 c ) = ( 1 4 1 1 4 ) ( 1 9 1 1 9 ) ( 1 25 1 1 25 ) = 1 576 \sum_{a=1}^{\infty} \sum_{b=1}^{\infty}\sum_{c=1}^{\infty}\dfrac{1}{2^{2a}\cdot 3^{2b}\cdot 5^{2c}}=\left(\sum_{a=1}^{\infty}\dfrac{1}{2^{2a}}\right)\left(\sum_{b=1}^{\infty}\dfrac{1}{3^{2b}}\right)\left(\sum_{c=1}^{\infty}\dfrac{1}{5^{2c}}\right)=\left(\dfrac{\frac{1}{4}}{1-\frac{1}{4}}\right)\left(\dfrac{\frac{1}{9}}{1-\frac{1}{9}}\right)\left(\dfrac{\frac{1}{25}}{1-\frac{1}{25}}\right)=\dfrac{1}{576}

Thus our answer is 576 \boxed{576} .

Can you please tell how you calculated those infinte sums? Using Infinite g.p? Can you tell me some methods to calculate any kind of infinte sums?

Jayakumar Krishnan - 6 years, 9 months ago

why numbers can have only 2,3 and 5 as their prime factors ???? I did not get that part.please explain

Priyesh Vasani - 6 years, 3 months ago

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If n has any prime factors other than 2, 3, or 5, rad(n) won't be 30. Since rad(n) is the product of all the prime factors of n, Rad(n) is divisible by all the prime factors of n. If n is divisible by p (p prime) where p is not 2,3,5 then rad(n) can't be 30 since 30 is not divisible by p.

David Stigant - 6 years, 2 months ago

Good job!! Bravo!!

Tala Al Saleh - 6 years ago

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