Two circles of radius 2 0 have centres at points A and B . Point A lies on the right circle and point B lies on the left circle. A rectangle with side lengths x and x 3 is inscribed in the intersection of the two circles as shown.
What is the area of the rectangle to three significant digits?
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By symmetry, we can find d = 2 2 0 − x
By Intersecting chord theorem ,
( 2 3 x ) 2 = d × ( d + x + 2 0 ) 3 x 2 = 4 × d × ( d + x + 2 0 ) 3 x 2 = 4 × 2 2 0 − x × ( 2 2 0 − x + 2 x + 4 0 ) = ( 2 0 − x ) ( 6 0 + x ) ⟹ 4 x 2 + 4 0 x − 1 2 0 0 = 0 ⟹ x 2 + 1 0 − 3 0 0 = 0 ⟹ x = − 5 + 5 1 3
The area of the rectangle
= 3 x 2 = 3 [ 5 ( 1 3 − 1 ) ] 2 ≈ 2 9 4
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Let the top left corner of the rectangle be C , the segment A B intersect the left edge and right edge of the rectangle at D and E respectively. Due to symmetry, we note that A D = B E = d = 2 A B − D E = 2 2 0 − x . And B D = B E + D E = 2 2 0 − x + x = 2 2 0 + x . By Pythagorean theorem ,
B D 2 + C D 2 ( 2 2 0 + x ) 2 + ( 2 3 x ) 2 4 x 2 + 4 0 x + 4 0 0 + 4 3 x 2 x 2 + 1 0 x + 1 0 0 x 2 + 1 0 x + 2 5 ( x + 5 ) 2 x + 5 ⟹ x = B C 2 = 2 0 2 = 4 0 0 = 4 0 0 = 3 2 5 = 3 2 5 = 5 1 3 = 5 1 3 − 5
Then the area of the rectangle A = 3 x ⋅ x = 3 ( 5 1 3 − 5 ) 2 ≈ 2 9 3 . 9 6 7 8 8 2 7 2 9 ≈ 2 9 4 .