Can You Find the Area?

Geometry Level 3

Two circles of radius 20 20 have centres at points A A and B B . Point A A lies on the right circle and point B B lies on the left circle. A rectangle with side lengths x x and x 3 x\sqrt 3 is inscribed in the intersection of the two circles as shown.

What is the area of the rectangle to three significant digits?


The answer is 294.

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2 solutions

Chew-Seong Cheong
Jan 28, 2021

Let the top left corner of the rectangle be C C , the segment A B AB intersect the left edge and right edge of the rectangle at D D and E E respectively. Due to symmetry, we note that A D = B E = d = A B D E 2 = 20 x 2 AD=BE = d = \dfrac {AB-DE}2 = \dfrac {20-x}2 . And B D = B E + D E = 20 x 2 + x = 20 + x 2 BD = BE + DE = \dfrac {20-x}2 + x = \dfrac {20+x}2 . By Pythagorean theorem ,

B D 2 + C D 2 = B C 2 ( 20 + x 2 ) 2 + ( 3 x 2 ) 2 = 2 0 2 x 2 + 40 x + 400 4 + 3 x 2 4 = 400 x 2 + 10 x + 100 = 400 x 2 + 10 x + 25 = 325 ( x + 5 ) 2 = 325 x + 5 = 5 13 x = 5 13 5 \begin{aligned} BD^2+CD^2 & = BC^2 \\ \left(\frac {20+x}2\right)^2 + \left(\frac {\sqrt 3 x}2\right)^2 & = 20^2 \\ \frac {x^2 + 40x+400}4 + \frac {3x^2}4 & = 400 \\ x^2 + 10x+100 & = 400 \\ x^2 + 10x + 25 & = 325 \\ (x+5)^2 & = 325 \\ x + 5 & = 5\sqrt{13} \\ \implies x & = 5\sqrt{13}-5 \end{aligned}

Then the area of the rectangle A = 3 x x = 3 ( 5 13 5 ) 2 293.967882729 294 A = \sqrt 3 x \cdot x = \sqrt 3(5\sqrt{13}-5)^2 \approx 293.967882729 \approx \boxed{294} .

Pop Wong
Feb 1, 2021

By symmetry, we can find d = 20 x 2 d = \cfrac{20 - x}{2}

By Intersecting chord theorem ,

( 3 x 2 ) 2 = d × ( d + x + 20 ) 3 x 2 = 4 × d × ( d + x + 20 ) 3 x 2 = 4 × 20 x 2 × ( 20 x + 2 x + 40 2 ) = ( 20 x ) ( 60 + x ) 4 x 2 + 40 x 1200 = 0 x 2 + 10 300 = 0 x = 5 + 5 13 ( \cfrac{ \sqrt{3} x }{2} )^2 = d \times (d+x +20) \\ 3x^2 = 4\times d \times (d+x +20) \\ 3x^2 = 4\times \cfrac{20 - x}{2} \times ( \cfrac{ 20-x +2x + 40}{2} ) = (20-x)(60+x)\\ \implies 4x^2 + 40x -1200 = 0 \implies x^2 + 10 - 300 = 0 \implies x = -5 + 5\sqrt{13}

The area of the rectangle

= 3 x 2 = 3 [ 5 ( 13 1 ) ] 2 294 = \sqrt{3} x^2 = \sqrt{3} [5(\sqrt{13}-1)]^2 \approx \boxed{294}

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