Inspired by Janardhanan Sivaramakrishnan

How many elements of the set A = { 1 ! , 2 ! , 3 ! , , 2015 ! } A=\{1!,2!,3!,\ldots,2015!\} are perfect numbers?

Inspiration

0 11 6 1

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1 solution

We will prove that n ! n! is a perfect number if and only if n = 3 n=3 .

If n = 1 n=1 , n ! = 1 n!=1 is not a perfect number.

If n = 2 n=2 , n ! = 2 n!=2 is not a perfect number.

If n = 3 n=3 , n ! = 6 n!=6 is a perfect number.

If n = 4 n=4 , n ! = 24 n!=24 is not a perfect number.

If n 5 n\geq 5 , we have n ! n! is a even number.

We know that if k k is a even perfect number, k k always has the form 2 p 1 ( 2 p 1 ) 2^{p-1}(2^p-1) with 2 p 1 2^p-1 is a prime.

Hence, k k has only 2 prime divisors, which are 2 2 and 2 p 1 2^p-1 .

If n 5 n\geq5 , n ! n! has at least 3 prime divisors, which are 2 , 3 2, 3 and 5 5 . So, n ! n! is not a perfect number.

Therefore, there is 1 \boxed{1} element of the set A is perfect number.

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