It is easy to draw a circle on a regular grid which goes through exactly 2, 4, or even 8 points.
But is there a circle which goes through exactly 5 grid points?
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Consider a circle with center ( 3 1 ; 0 ) and radii r = 3 2 5 . The equation of it: ( x − 3 1 ) 2 + y 2 ( 3 x − 1 ) 2 + ( 3 y ) 2 = 9 2 5 2 = 5 4 = 6 2 5
It is verifiable, that the equation has exactly five solutions: ( 7 ; 5 ) , ( 7 ; − 5 ) , ( − 2 ; 8 ) , ( − 2 ; − 8 ) , ( − 8 ; 0 )
Note: I don't know the proof, but it is verifiable, that for n ∈ N there is a circle which goes through exactly n of the grid points.
For n = 2 k + 1 , consider a circle with center ( 3 1 ; 0 ) and radii r = 3 5 k . This circle goes through exactly n grid points.
For n = 2 k , consider a cirlce with center ( 2 1 ; 0 ) and radii r = 2 5 2 k − 1 . This circle goes through exactly n of the grid points.