Integral in Denominator

Calculus Level 3

k = 0 1 0 1 ( ln ( x ) ) k d x \sum_{k=0}^{\infty}\dfrac1{\displaystyle\int_0^1 (\ln(x))^k \, dx}

Find the closed form of the series above and submit your answer to three decimal places.


The answer is 0.368.

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2 solutions

Relevant wiki: Gamma Function

S = k = 0 1 0 1 ln k x d x Let u = ln x d u = d x x = k = 0 1 0 u k e u d u Let t = u d t = d u = k = 0 1 ( 1 ) k 0 t k e t d t As gamma function Γ ( z ) = 0 t z 1 e t d t = k = 0 1 ( 1 ) k Γ ( k + 1 ) Note that Γ ( n + 1 ) = n ! = k = 0 ( 1 ) k k ! = e 1 0.368 \begin{aligned} S & = \sum_{k=0}^\infty \frac 1{\int_0^1 \ln^k x\ dx} & \small \color{#3D99F6} \text{Let }u = \ln x \implies du = \frac {dx}x \\ & = \sum_{k=0}^\infty \frac 1{\int_{-\infty}^0 u^ke^u\ du} & \small \color{#3D99F6} \text{Let }t= - u \implies dt =- du \\ & = \sum_{k=0}^\infty \frac 1{(-1)^k\int_0^\infty t^ke^{-t}\ dt} & \small \color{#3D99F6} \text{As gamma function }\Gamma (z) = \int_0^\infty t^{z-1}e^{-t}\ dt \\ & = \sum_{k=0}^\infty \frac 1{(-1)^k\Gamma(k+1)} & \small \color{#3D99F6} \text{Note that }\Gamma (n+1) = n! \\ & = \sum_{k=0}^\infty \frac {(-1)^k}{k!} \\ & = e^{-1} \approx \boxed{0.368} \end{aligned}

Manifold M
Apr 13, 2019

Note that even if you are not aware of the gamma function, you could deduce that by integrating by parts repeatedly (letting the lower bound be epsilon as epsilon approach 0+) the integral is equal to ( 1 ) n n ! (-1)^nn! , and from there solve the problem.

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