∫ 0 π arctan ( sin ( cos ( x ) ) ) d x
The integral above has a closed form. Find this closed form.
Give your answer to 2 decimal places.
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Exactly! +1
I
=
∫
0
π
arctan
(
sin
(
cos
(
x
)
)
)
d
x
Using,
∫
0
2
a
f
(
x
)
d
x
=
∫
0
a
f
(
x
)
+
f
(
2
a
−
x
)
d
x
I
=
∫
0
2
π
arctan
(
sin
(
cos
(
x
)
)
)
d
x
+
arctan
(
sin
cos
(
π
−
x
)
)
)
d
x
=
∫
0
2
π
arctan
(
sin
(
cos
(
x
)
)
)
−
arctan
(
sin
(
cos
(
x
)
)
)
d
x
=
0
Let I = ∫ 0 π arctan ( sin ( cos ( x ) ) ) d x using the property ∫ a b f ( x ) d x = ∫ a b f ( a + b − x ) d x we have I = ∫ 0 π arctan ( sin ( cos ( π − x ) ) ) d x = ∫ 0 π arctan ( sin ( − cos ( x ) ) ) d x = − I I = − I → I = 0
Good approach. More directly, we can recognize that this is an odd function.
Did the same :+1:
I was not happy when I ended up with this ugly integral after making the substitution u = cos x : I = ∫ − 1 1 1 − u 2 arctan ( sin u ) d u However, I noticed that the integrand is an odd function , i.e. f ( − u ) = − f ( u ) , therefore the integral of this function between − 1 and 0 is negative the integral between 0 and 1 . Thus the total integral equals 0 .
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Substitute t = x − π / 2 s.t integral is: ∫ − π / 2 π / 2 O d d f u n c t i o n arctan ( sin ( sin ( x ) ) ) d x ( ∵ cos ( x − π / 2 ) = sin x ) = 0
(See here )