Integral of arctangent of sine of cosine!

Calculus Level 4

0 π arctan ( sin ( cos ( x ) ) ) d x \large \int_0^{\pi} \arctan(\sin(\cos(x))) \, dx

The integral above has a closed form. Find this closed form.

Give your answer to 2 decimal places.


The answer is 0.00.

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4 solutions

Rishabh Jain
Apr 25, 2016

Substitute t = x π / 2 t=x-\pi/2 s.t integral is: π / 2 π / 2 arctan ( sin ( sin ( x ) ) ) O d d f u n c t i o n d x \Large\displaystyle\int_{-\pi/2}^{\pi/2}\large \underbrace{\arctan(\sin(\sin(x)))}_{\color{#D61F06}{\large\mathbf{Odd~ function}}} \mathrm{d}x ( cos ( x π / 2 ) = sin x ) (\because \cos(x-\pi/2)=\sin x) = 0 \Huge =\boxed 0

(See here )

Exactly! +1

Nihar Mahajan - 5 years, 1 month ago

I = 0 π arctan ( sin ( cos ( x ) ) ) d x I = \displaystyle \int_{0}^{\pi} \arctan(\sin(\cos(x))) dx
Using,
0 2 a f ( x ) d x = 0 a f ( x ) + f ( 2 a x ) d x \displaystyle \int_{0}^{2a} f(x)dx = \int_{0}^{a} f(x) + f(2a-x)dx
I = 0 π 2 arctan ( sin ( cos ( x ) ) ) d x + arctan ( sin cos ( π x ) ) ) d x = 0 π 2 arctan ( sin ( cos ( x ) ) ) arctan ( sin ( cos ( x ) ) ) d x = 0 I = \displaystyle \int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \arctan(\sin(\cos(x)))dx + \arctan(\sin\cos(\pi-x)))dx = \int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \arctan(\sin(\cos(x))) - \arctan(\sin(\cos(x)))dx = 0


Aareyan Manzoor
Apr 25, 2016

Let I = 0 π arctan ( sin ( cos ( x ) ) ) d x I=\int_0^{\pi} \arctan(\sin(\cos(x))) dx using the property a b f ( x ) d x = a b f ( a + b x ) d x \int_a^b f(x) dx= \int_a^b f(a+b-x) dx we have I = 0 π arctan ( sin ( cos ( π x ) ) ) d x = 0 π arctan ( sin ( cos ( x ) ) ) d x = I I=\int_0^{\pi} \arctan(\sin(\cos(\pi-x))) dx=\int_0^{\pi} \arctan(\sin(-\cos(x))) dx=-I I = I I = 0 I=-I\to I=0

Moderator note:

Good approach. More directly, we can recognize that this is an odd function.

Did the same :+1:

Samarth Agarwal - 5 years, 1 month ago
Michael Fuller
Jul 13, 2016

I was not happy when I ended up with this ugly integral after making the substitution u = cos x u= \cos x : I = 1 1 arctan ( sin u ) 1 u 2 d u \large I=\int _{ -1 }^{ 1 }{ \cfrac { \arctan { \left( \sin { u } \right) } }{ \sqrt { 1-{ u }^{ 2 } } } } du However, I noticed that the integrand is an odd function , i.e. f ( u ) = f ( u ) f(-u)=-f(u) , therefore the integral of this function between 1 -1 and 0 0 is negative the integral between 0 0 and 1 1 . Thus the total integral equals 0 \large \color{#20A900}{\boxed{0}} .

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