Integration Grandmaster - P6

Calculus Level 4

Let

A = 1 π x 2 ( x 2 4 ) sin x + 4 x cos x d x A = \int_{1}^{\pi} \dfrac{x^2}{(x^2-4)\sin x + 4x \cos x} dx

Submit 10000 A \lfloor 10000A \rfloor .


The answer is -28625.

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1 solution

Mark Hennings
Dec 11, 2020

If we put u = 2 cos 1 2 x + x sin 1 2 x 2 sin 1 2 x x cos 1 2 x u \; =\; \frac{2\cos\frac12x + x\sin\frac12x}{2\sin\frac12x - x\cos\frac12x} then 1 u d u d x = 1 2 x cos 1 2 x 2 cos 1 2 x + x sin 1 2 x 1 2 x sin 1 2 x 2 sin 1 2 x x cos 1 2 x = x [ cos 1 2 x ( 2 sin 1 2 x x cos 1 2 x ) sin 1 2 x ( 2 cos 1 2 x + x sin 1 2 x ) ] 2 ( 2 cos 1 2 x + x sin 1 2 x ) ( 2 sin 1 2 x x cos 1 2 x ) = x 2 ( x 2 4 ) sin x + 4 x cos x \begin{aligned} \frac{1}{u}\,\frac{du}{dx} &= \; \frac{\frac12x\cos\frac12x}{2\cos\frac12x + x\sin\frac12x} - \frac{\frac12x\sin\frac12x}{2\sin\frac12x - x\cos\frac12x} \\ & = \; \frac{x\left[\cos\frac12x(2\sin\frac12x - x\cos\frac12x) - \sin\frac12x(2\cos\frac12x + x\sin\frac12x)\right]}{2(2\cos\frac12x + x\sin\frac12x)(2\sin\frac12x - x\cos\frac12x)} \\ & = \; \frac{x^2}{(x^2 - 4)\sin x + 4x\cos x} \end{aligned} so that, if we put α = 2 tan 1 2 2 tan 1 2 1 \alpha \; = \; \frac{2\tan\frac12}{2\tan\frac12-1} then A = α 1 2 π d u u = ln ( π 2 α ) A \; =\; \int_\alpha^{\frac12\pi}\frac{du}{u} \; = \; \ln\left(\frac{\pi}{2\alpha}\right) which makes 10000 A = 28625 \lfloor 10000 A \rfloor = \boxed{-28625} .

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