Find the value of 1 0 1 2 1 5 4 + 4 2 + 4 3 + 4 4 + 4 5 + 4 6 + ⋯ + 4 2 0 1 8 and round the answer to the 4 t h decimal digit.
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Let S = 4 + 4 2 + 4 3 + 4 4 + 4 5 + 4 6 + ⋯ + 4 2 0 1 8
S = 4 + 4 2 + 4 3 + 4 4 + 4 5 + 4 6 + ⋯ + 4 2 0 1 8 − 4 S = 4 2 + 4 3 + 4 4 + 4 5 + 4 6 + ⋯ + 4 2 0 1 9 − 3 S = 4 − 4 2 0 1 9
− 3 S = 4 − 4 2 0 1 9 ⟹ 3 S = 4 2 0 1 9 − 4 ⟹ S = 3 4 2 0 1 9 − 4 ≈ 1 . 2 0 7 8 × 1 0 1 2 1 5
So 1 0 1 2 1 5 1 . 2 0 7 8 × 1 0 1 2 1 5 = 1 . 2 0 7 8
Note
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There's no need to use anything fancier than a scientific calculator. Since we only want a limited precision, let's just use the last 8 terms (since the rest are insignificant) and write them as
( 4 + 4 2 + 4 3 + 4 4 + 4 5 + 4 6 + 4 7 + 4 8 ) ⋅ + 4 2 0 1 0
= 8 7 3 8 0 ⋅ 4 2 0 1 0
The take a common logarithm to help put in scientific notation
lo g ( 8 7 3 8 0 ⋅ 4 2 0 1 0 ) = lo g 8 7 3 8 0 + 2 0 1 0 lo g 4 = 1 2 1 5 . 8 1 9 9 5
The division just strips off the whole number part: 1 2 1 5 . 8 1 9 9 5 − 1 2 1 5 = 0 . 8 1 9 9 5
Leaving the answer as 1 0 0 . 8 1 9 9 5 = 1 . 2 0 7 7 9 8 8