Q = ( ∣ B A 1 ∣ 1 + ∣ B A 2 ∣ 1 + … + ∣ B A n ∣ 1 + ∣ B A n + 1 ∣ 1 ) ( ∣ B A 1 ∣ 1 + ∣ B A n + 1 ∣ 1 )
Given an ∠ A B C = ϕ and rays l 1 , l 2 , … , l n − 1 dividing the angle into n congruent angles. For a line l intersecting sides A B and B C at two distinct points, denote l ∩ ( A B ) = A 1 , l ∩ ( B C ) = A n + 1 and l ∩ l i = A i + 1 for 1 ≤ i < n . Show that the value of Q is a constant which doesn't depend on l , and find the value of Q in terms of n and ϕ .
If n = 5 , ϕ = 7 5 ∘ , then Q can be expressed as A − C B ,
where A , B and C are positive integers, and C square-free, find the value of A + B + C .
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This problem can we done by using polar coordinate system. After a lot of (simple) calculations, we get that Q = 1 − sin ( 2 n n + 1 ϕ ) sin ( 2 n n − 1 ϕ )