Given that the graphs of and its inverse intersect at 5 points, denoted as for .
Let . Find .
Notation : denotes the floor function .
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I can only give a partly solution because the way i solved it is very tedious and i dont know if there is a trick that makes the solving process easy and intuitive. I will first give an intuition to my solution:
If f and f − 1 intersect in point ( a , b ) it must mean that point ( b , a ) is also a point of intersection. For f − 1 and every input x the following must apply - f − 1 ( f ( x ) ) = x . Therefore on the intersection points the following must also apply - f ( f ( x ) ) = x . This is only true if x is an intersection point!
So this is what i did. I mounted f on f and i want to look for all values x that hold f ( f ( x ) ) = x . For convenience i denoted f = 1 0 − 1 g where g is the polynomial. After a little algebric work we get to the following equation:
1 0 0 0 ( 1 0 x − 1 8 ) = g 3 − 3 0 g 2 + 4 0 0 g . Now all we have to do is insert the polynomial instead of g , open up all the brackets and convene everything into one big polynomial. After some very tedious algebric work (which i used wolfram alpha for) we get the following equation:
x 9 + 9 x 8 + 3 9 x 7 + 1 5 x 6 − 3 4 8 x 5 − 1 2 8 4 x 4 + 5 0 0 x 3 + 6 0 1 2 x 2 − 1 9 2 x − 4 7 5 2 = 0 . This polynomial has 5 real roots and 4 complex roots. We are interested only in the real roots. With the help of wolfram alpha again, i extracted the real roots of the polynomial and they are − 1 , 1 , 2 , − 6 , 6 and these are all the values a i . Therefore S = 4 + 2 6 = 8 . 8 9 8 9 7 . . . . And the answer is ⌊ 1 0 0 0 S ⌋ = 8 8 9 8 .