Evaluate where is a real number and .
For more information, read hyperbolic trigonometric functions .
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Relevant wiki: Hyperbolic Trigonometric Functions
cos x can be rewritten as 2 e i x + e − i x ⟹ cos ( a i ) = 2 e i ( a i ) + e − i ( a i )
⟹ 2 e − a + e a = cosh a .