Suppose that x and y are inversely proportional and are positive quantities. By what percent does y decrease if x is increased by 2 5 % ?
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If x and y are inversely proportional, we can set up an equation like
y = x n
When x is increased by 25%, we now have the equation
y − m = 1 . 2 5 x n
Our expression for percent difference can go as:
y y − ( y − m ) = y m
We can replace the variables with the expressions we identified earlier.
We start off with our raw expression for finding the percent decrease.
( x n ) ( x n − 1 . 2 5 x n )
We give both fractions of the numerator a common denominator of 1 . 2 5 x and combine like terms such that it becomes
( x n ) ( 1 . 2 5 x 0 . 2 5 n )
= ( 1 . 2 5 x 0 . 2 5 n ) ( n x )
= 1 . 2 5 0 . 2 5 = 0 . 2 = 2 0 %
The percent decrease is 2 0 .
There's a simpler solution for this. Hint: If x is increased by 2 5 % , then x new = x ⋅ 1 . 2 5 , what can we say about y new ?
Oh, yes! Since we multiply both sides by 1 . 2 5 1 , then 1 . 2 5 y = 0 . 8 y . The percent difference is y y − 0 . 8 y = 0 . 2 = 1 0 0 2 0 , or 20%.
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Take x=K/y, where K is the const. of proportionality. So xy=K.
x(1+25/100)*y(1-d/100)=K. where d is percentage decrease.
(1+25/100)*(1-d/100)=1. dividing both sides by K
Solve it to get d=20, which is the answer.