Find
n → ∞ lim x → 2 n π lim ⎝ ⎛ 2 cot x ( k = 1 ∑ n − 1 n k sin ( n k π ) ) − 1 ⎠ ⎞ tan ( 2 n x ) 1
Source: Romanian Mathematical Magazine Spring edition 2022, problem UP. 355 .
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We actually do not need the identity which you proved. Since it is an iterated limit...we can treat any function of n as a constant and directly take log on both sides and apply the limit wrt x. Using that you would directly get log L = lim(n tends to infinity) -(csc(pi/2n)sec(pi/2n))/2n. Which would directly give e^(-1/pi) as the answer. But yes...for a rigorous proof...your solution is excellent as it clearly justifies the 1^infinity form. Well done.
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Nice! How about this one ? and some more interesting I proposed here on brilliant. And here is the another by same proposer.
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My solution,
Since A ( n ) = k = 1 ∑ n − 1 n k sin ( n π k ) = k = 1 ∑ n − 1 ( n n − k ) sin ( n π k ) ⇒ A ( n ) = 2 1 k = 1 ∑ n − 1 sin ( n π k ) Now k = 1 ∑ n − 1 sin ( n π k ) = ℑ ( k = 1 ∑ n − 1 e n i k π ) = ℑ ( 1 − e i π / n 1 − e i π ) = sin ( 2 n π ) ℑ ( i e − i 2 n π ) simplification gives A ( n ) = 2 1 cot ( 2 n π ) so we are now supposed to find L = n → ∞ lim ( x → 2 n π lim cot ( 2 n π ) cot ( x ) ) tan ( 2 n x ) 1 = n → ∞ lim ( B ( n ) ) tan ( 2 n x ) 1 We note that as x → 2 n π , B ( n ) → 1 then limit attains the form of 1 ∞ so lo g B ( n ) = x → 2 n π lim tan ( 2 n x ) 1 lo g ( cot ( 2 n π ) cot ( x ) ) as B ( n ) attains 0 / 0 form so due to L-hopitals rule we have lo g B ( n ) = − x → 2 n π lim 2 n sec 2 ( 2 n x ) csc ( x ) sec ( x ) = − 2 n csc ( 2 n π ) sec ( 2 n π ) Therefore L = n → ∞ lim exp ( − 2 n csc ( 2 n π ) ) = e − π − 1 = π e 1 is the answer.
Here the is solution due to proposer.